查看更多>>摘要：Phytohemagglutinin(PHA)is a seed storage protein and a type of lectin originally discovered in the common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)for its blood-agglutinating effect.Due to its interactions with gut epithelia and digestive enzymes and its potential to trigger allergic reactions,PHA can lead to various symptoms in the human body.As a result,it has been regarded as a significant antinutritional factor in beans and other legumes.While several published works have summarized its structural,biochemical,and toxicological features,there is a scarcity of literature that reviews the detection,quantification,and reduction of PHA in beans,which is fundamental for the development of safer bean varieties.In this review,we present a comprehensive analysis of traditional and innovative bio-sensing methods for measuring PHA,including the recently available ultrapure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and emerging aptamer sensor-based techniques,while discussing their respective advantages and disadvantages.We also revisit existing studies dedicated to creating PHA-depleted common bean varieties and explore the potential for reducing PHA content in beans without compromising their resistance to biotic stress.Additionally,we offer insights into the potential for controlling PHA content using the latest biotechnologies and breeding strategies.Overall,this review compiles rare and valuable information from studies that solely focuses on detection and depletion of PHA to shed light on and apply technological advancements in addressing potential food safety risks associated with the consumption of common beans.
查看更多>>摘要：Tropane alkaloids(TAs)are a kind of plant secondary metabolite that mainly originate from Solanaceae.They have potent anticholinergic ac-tivity,and are well-known anticholinergic drugs,but have also been reported as plant toxins.Many studies have been conducted on TAs,but no scientometric research has been performed.This study aimed to expound the knowledge network and development of the field of TAs and predict the emerging development topics based on bibliometrics.In particular,this research combined VOSviewer and CiteSpace for visualization and covered 1,298 related scientific publications(1953-2022).The research on TAs is rapidly developing,with the participation of 86 countries,1,129 research institutions,and 4,087 researchers.China,the University of Geneva,and P Christen are the most productive country,institu-tion,and researcher,respectively.Currently,the main research topics on TAs include biosynthesis,in vitro synthesis,chemical synthesis,and determination methods.Since 2018,the monitoring of TAs in food related to human health has shown citation burst characteristics,which is considered an emerging development trend in the future.The findings of this study will enable researchers to quickly tap into the knowledge background/structure of TAs from massive data to provide a reference for further research.
查看更多>>摘要：The poultry industry is experiencing rapid growth worldwide.This accelerated growth has led to multiple food fraud incidents across the food supply chain,which consequently created a demand for precise determination of quality poultry production.This increase in demand for precise poultry production quality has necessitated advanced solutions.Metabolomics has emerged as a viable solution by offering detailed differen-tiation of biochemical indicators throughout the poultry supply chain.Additionally,this study provides a means to address risk factors affecting the poultry industry without compromising animal welfare,which is a critical concern.This review focuses on important issues related to poultry product quality assessment.Food adulteration has escalated in recent years as it is driven by the increasing focus on consuming high-quality and nutritious food.However,there is no specific guideline for such determinations,especially when appearance,texture,and taste can be ma-nipulated by substituting for food components.Metabolomics can pave the way for a deeper understanding of existing and novel biochemical indicators responsible for determining the quality of poultry meat and eggs.This approach holds the potential to enhance the overall quality of poultry meat and egg products while also preventing food fraud.
查看更多>>摘要：Brassinolides(BRs)are a kind of endogenous plant hormone that play an important role in regulating fruit ripening.BRs can regulate the process of fruit ripening by interacting with plant growth regulators and transcription factors.In this review,we discuss recent research advances on the role of BRs in fruit ripening and its relation to plant growth regulators and transcription factors.In addition,BR signaling molecules that are involved in fruit ripening and ripening-related genes are also highlighted.This review provides a better theoretical basis for improving fruit quality and regulating fruit ripening to speed up market availability,and for studying the mechanisms of BRs in fruit ripening.
查看更多>>摘要：Fruit quality is both a consumer demand and an important goal for horticultural breeding.The exploration of quality-related genes provides tar-gets to create high-quality germplasm using biotechnology,of which transcription factors(TFs)exhibit dosage effects compared with structural genes.Tomato,an important horticultural crop as well as model fruit,has been widely studied.Here,we focused on TFs with potential utilization value that control appearance(e.g.shape,pigment)and internal(e.g.flavor,texture,shelf life and health benefits)quality in tomato.Additionally,potential strategies to generate high-quality tomato fruit are discussed.
查看更多>>摘要：Background:Previous studies found differences in the utilization of different carbon sources during biofilm formation by Bacillus cereus.Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the changes in gene transcript levels in Bacillus cereus biofilm bacteria under different carbon source conditions.Results:Compared with the control group,the number of differentially expressed genes in the glucose,maltose,lactose,and skim milk-supplemented groups was 351,1136,133,and 487,respectively.The results showed that the pathways involved in the differentially expressed genes were mainly distributed in glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway,tricarboxylic acid cycle,amino acid metabolism,and fatty acid metabolism.The gene expression of enzymes related to acetoin synthesis from pyruvate was mostly upregulated in the glucose-supplemented group.The gene expression of enzymes related to pyruvate synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in the maltose-supplemented group was mostly upregulated.In the lactose-supplemented group,the gene expression of acetoin biosynthesis from pyruvate was upregulated.Pyruvate production through glycolysis pathway increased in the skim milk-supplemented group,but the metabolic capacity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle did not change significantly.Conclusion:The content of pyruvate stored by Bacillus cereus biofilm bacteria through glycolysis or pentose phosphate pathway increased,but the carbon flux into the tricarboxylic acid cycle did not increase,which suggested that carbon fluxes in the extracellular polysaccharide synthesis pathway of the biofilm may be increased,resulting in increased biofilm biomass formation.
查看更多>>摘要：The food additive titanium dioxide is commonly utilized to enhance the appearance and flavor of food products.However,this substance has been linked to gastrointestinal disorders.The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary exposure of titanium dioxide E171 on Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice.Mice were mainly divided into the control,LM group(L.monocytogenes infection),and E171+LM groups(E171 supplementation before L.monocytogenes infection).Pre-exposure to E171 resulted in increased bacterial counts in the liver,spleen,ileum,colon,mesenteric lymph nodes,and feces of mice after L.monocytogenes infection.Moreover,E171 exposure increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines while attenuating the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in mice infected with L.monocytogenes.Meanwhile,mice in the E171+LM group exhibited considerably more severe colonic inflammation and worse intestinal barrier function than mice in the LM group.The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a shift in the composition of the gut microbiota of mice in the E171+LM group,characterized by a decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and a decrease in the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio.The levels of acetate,butyrate,and isobutyrate were markedly decreased within the cecum of mice in the E171+LM group in comparison to mice in the LM group.In conclusion,these results suggest that E171 exposure could exacerbate L.monocytogenes infection in mice,which may provide useful information for future risk assessment of this commonly used food additive.
查看更多>>摘要：Cronobacter sakazakii may encounter subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol stress over its lifecycle.Bacterial tolerance to homologous or heterologous stress agents may be altered as a result of ethanol adaptive responses.Therefore,the tolerance of ethanol-exposed and control cells to subsequent lethal stresses was evaluated in the current work.It was discovered that sublethal ethanol exposure increased the suscep-tibility to lethal ethanol stress in C.sakazakii as determined by the Weibull model.Furthermore,sublethal ethanol concentration exposure in C.sakazakiidid not lead to any cross-tolerance against other stressors such as benzalkonium chloride(120 mg/L),heat(55 ℃),cold(4 ℃),simulated gastric fluid(pH 3.0),osmotic stress(sorbitol,0.75 g/mL),and desiccation stress.Analysis of zeta potential,scanning electron microscope,and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy spectra revealed that cellular injury and changes in cellular chemical composition may contribute to the reduced resistance of C.sakazakii after ethanol exposure.Furthermore,sublethal ethanol exposure resulted in an elevated proportion of unsat-urated fatty acids(USFA),while reducing the proportion of saturated fatty acids(SFA)and the ratio of SFAto USFA.The developed inactivation models can serve as a valuable source of data to support quantitative microbial risk assessment.Moreover,a better understanding of the re-sponse of C.sakazakii to sublethal ethanol exposure may provide valuable insights into the prevention and control of C.sakazakii.
查看更多>>摘要：Pulsed electric field(PEF)technology is a highly promising non-thermal processing technique,which holds great potential for sterilizing liquid food.The effectiveness of this treatment depends on two crucial factors:pulse parameters and the structure of the processor.In this study,we focus on optimizing the shape of insulators within the PEF processor to improve the sterilization effect.This research provides a reliable tech-nical reference for designing industrial equipment.The numerical simulation of multi-physics fields was employed to analyze the temperature,electric field,and fluid field distributions for different insulators.Ultimately,the geometric structure of the insulator was optimized by embedding a 0.7-mm arc.Sterilization experiments were then conducted on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suspensions with conductivities similar to those of real grapefruit juice.The sterilization effect of the processor with the optimized structure and the maximum applied voltage was examined at the same driving frequency.The results indicate that compared to the original structure,there is an increase in withstanding voltage by 5-10 kV while maintaining significantly improved bactericidal effects at the same applied voltage.Furthermore,we preliminarily dis-cussed the sterilization mechanism by combining electroporation theory with the electroporation threshold of S.aureus.
查看更多>>摘要：Objective:Amphenicols(chloramphenicol,thiamphenicol and florfenicol)can cause aplastic anaemia and other severe side effects to consumers;therefore,it is necessary to inspect their residues in foods of animal origin.However,there has been no report on the use of amphenicols re-ceptor for the determination of their residues,and none of the previously reported immunoassays for amphenicols can differentiate the specific species.Materials and Methods:In this study,the ribosomal protein L16 of Escherichia coli was first expressed,and its intermolecular interaction mech-anisms with the three amphenicols was studied using the molecular docking technique.The protein was then combined with three enzyme-labelled conjugates to develop a direct competitive array on microplate for determination of the three drugs in egg.Results:Due to the use of principal component analysis to analyse the data,this method could discriminate the three drugs in the range 0.1-10 ng/mL,and the limits of detection for the three drugs were in the range of 0.0002-0.0009 ng/mL.The analysis results for the unknown egg samples were consistent with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method,and the method performances were superior to the previous immunoassays for amphenicols.Conclusion:This is the first paper reporting the use of ribosomal protein L16 to develop a competitive array for discriminative determination of amphenicols in food samples.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据