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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)
中国科学技术协会
畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)

中国科学技术协会

李德发

季刊

1674-9782

zgxm@cau.edu.cn;xmzz@cau.edu.cn

010-62734403/2723

100193

中国农业大学西校区动物科技学院Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology编辑部

畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)/Journal Journal of Animal Science and BiotechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>定位为国内外公开发行的专业学术期刊，宗旨是立足国内，面向国际，为国内外畜牧科技工作者提供国际化学术共享的园地，促进我国与国际上其他国家在畜牧科学领域的交流；让中国畜牧科技走向世界，让世界了解中国畜牧科技。
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    Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

    Gregory A.JohnsonRobert C.BurghardtFuller W.BazerHeewon Seo...
    1-19页
    查看更多>>摘要：Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that,when expressed on the surface of cells,can mediate recipro-cal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM)interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs)that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion,migration,proliferation,survival,differentiation,and metabolism.All metazoan organisms possess integrins,and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicel-lularity,being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings,during embryonic develop-ment and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology.Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embry-onic development,normal physiology,and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine,including mammalian pregnancy,in par-ticular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall,subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes)development.This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure,ligand binding,and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development,implantation,and early placentation in pigs,sheep,humans,and mice as an example for rodents.A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE)and conceptus trophoblast is then presented,followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs,sheep,humans,and rodents.As appropriate for this journal,summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth,whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief.Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig.1,2,3,4,5 and 6 are present throughout the scientific literature,the illustrations in this manuscript are drafted as Viking imagery for entertainment purposes.
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    The biological functions and metabolic pathways of valine in swine

    Chuni WangYao PengYiru ZhangJuan Xu...
    20-34页
    查看更多>>摘要：Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid.Due to the involvement of branched-chain amino acids in various metabolic pathways,there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology.In pigs,the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex.In this review,we delve into the interaction mechanism,metabolic pathways,and biological functions of valine.Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances,but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions.Based on past observations and interpretations,we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets,growing pigs,gilts,lactating sows,barrows and entire males.The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.
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    Improving the nutritional values of yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor(Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae)larvae as an animal feed ingredient:a review

    Linggawastu SyahrulawalMagnhild OustTorskeRumakanta SapkotaGeir Naess...
    35-52页
    查看更多>>摘要：Yellow mealworm larvae(YML;Tenebrio molitor)are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions.Advances in the understanding of entomophagy and animal nutrition over the past decades have propelled research areas toward testing multiple aspects of YML to exploit them better as animal feed sources.This review aims to summarize various approaches that could be exploited to maximize the nutritional values of YML as an animal feed ingredi-ent.In addition,YML has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial or bioactive agent to improve animal health and immune function in production animals.The dynamics of the nutritional profile of YML can be influenced by multiple factors and should be taken into account when attempting to optimize the nutrient contents ofYML as an animal feed ingredient.Specifically,the use of novel land-based and aquatic feeding resources,probiotics,and the exploitation of larval gut microbiomes as novel strategies can assist to maximize the nutritional potential ofYML.Selection of relevant feed supplies,optimization of ambient conditions,the introduction of novel genetic selection procedures,and implementation of effective post-harvest processing may be required in the future to com-mercialize mealworm production.Furthermore,the use of appropriate agricultural practices and technological improvements within the mealworm production sector should be aimed at achieving both economic and envi-ronmental sustainability.The issues highlighted in this review could pave the way for future approaches to improve the nutritional value of YML.
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    Hepatic steatosis is associated with dysregulated cholesterol metabolism and altered protein acetylation dynamics in chickens

    Xiaoli GuoQianqian ZhouJiaming JinFangren Lan...
    53-67页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Hepatic steatosis is a prevalent manifestation of fatty liver,that has detrimental effect on the health and productivity of laying hens,resulting in economic losses to the poultry industry.Here,we aimed to systematically investigate the genetic regulatory mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in laying hens.Methods Ninety individuals with the most prominent characteristics were selected from 686 laying hens accord-ing to the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver,and were graded into three groups,including the control,mild hepatic steatosis and severe hepatic steatosis groups.A combination of transcriptome,proteome,acetylome and lipi-dome analyses,along with bioinformatics analysis were used to screen the key biological processes,modifications and lipids associated with hepatic steatosis.Results The rationality of the hepatic steatosis grouping was verified through liver biochemical assays and RNA-seq.Hepatic steatosis was characterized by increased lipid deposition and multiple metabolic abnormalities.Integra-tion of proteome and acetylome revealed that differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)interacted with differentially acetylated proteins(DAPs)and were involved in maintaining the metabolic balance in the liver.Acetylation alterations mainly occurred in the progression from mild to severe hepatic steatosis,i.e.,the enzymes in the fatty acid oxidation and bile acid synthesis pathways were significantly less acetylated in severe hepatic steatosis group than that in mild group(P＜0.05).Lipidomics detected a variety of sphingolipids(SPs)and glycerophospholipids(GPs)were negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis(r≤-0.5,P＜0.05).Furthermore,the severity of hepatic steatosis was associated with a decrease in cholesterol and bile acid synthesis and an increase in exogenous cholesterol transport.Conclusions In addition to acquiring a global and thorough picture of hepatic steatosis in laying hens,we were able to reveal the role of acetylation in hepatic steatosis and depict the changes in hepatic cholesterol metabolism.The findings provides a wealth of information to facilitate a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of fatty liver and contributes to the development of therapeutic strategies.
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    Associations of genome-wide structural variations with phenotypic differences in cross-bred Eurasian pigs

    Wencheng ZongJinbu WangRunze ZhaoNaiqi Niu...
    68-87页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background During approximately 10,000 years of domestication and selection,a large number of structural vari-ations(SVs)have emerged in the genome of pig breeds,profoundly influencing their phenotypes and the ability to adapt to the local environment.SVs(≥ 50 bp)are widely distributed in the genome,mainly in the form of insertion(INS),mobile element insertion(MEI),deletion(DEL),duplication(DUP),inversion(INV),and translocation(TRA).While studies have investigated the SVs in pig genomes,genome-wide association studies(GWAS)-based on SVs have been rarely conducted.Results Here,we obtained a high-quality SV map containing 123,151 SVs from 15 Large White and 15 Min pigs through integrating the power of several SV tools,with 53.95％of the SVs being reported for the first time.These high-quality SVs were used to recover the population genetic structure,confirming the accuracy of genotyping.Potential functional SV loci were then identified based on positional effects and breed stratification.Finally,GWAS were performed for 36 traits by genotyping the screened potential causal loci in the F2 population according to their corresponding genomic positions.We identified a large number of loci involved in 8 carcass traits and 6 skeletal traits on chromosome 7,with FKBP5 containing the most significant SV locus for almost all traits.In addition,we found several significant loci in intramuscular fat,abdominal circumference,heart weight,and liver weight,etc.Conclusions We constructed a high-quality SV map using high-coverage sequencing data and then analyzed them by performing GWAS for 25 carcass traits,7 skeletal traits,and 4 meat quality traits to determine that SVs may affect body size between European and Chinese pig breeds.
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    Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis

    Guangliang GaoHongmei ZhangJiangping NiXianzhi Zhao...
    88-107页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic traits.Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples.By constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collec-tion of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes.Furthermore,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selec-tion,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese.Genome-wide associa-tion studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition traits.For instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length.Notably,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the"hair follicle maturation"Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with"regulation of heart contraction"in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts.Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation.Conclusion This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits,thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes under-lying domestication and breeding in geese.Moreover,assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a com-prehensive apprehension of the goose genome,establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.
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    Single-base editing in IGF2 improves meat production and intramuscular fat deposition in Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs

    Tianqi DuoXiaohong LiuDelin MoYu Bian...
    108-126页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Chinese indigenous pigs are popular with consumers for their juiciness,flavour and meat quality,but they have lower meat production.Insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2)is a maternally imprinted growth factor that promotes skeletal muscle growth by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation.A single nucleotide polymor-phism(SNP)within intron 3 of porcine IGF2 disrupts a binding site for the repressor,zinc finger BED-type containing 6(ZBED6),leading to up-regulation of IGF2 and causing major effects on muscle growth,heart size,and backfat thick-ness.This favorable mutation is common in Western commercial pig populations,but absent in most Chinese indig-enous pig breeds.To improve meat production of Chinese indigenous pigs,we used cytosine base editor 3(CBE3)to introduce/GF2-intron3-C3071T mutation into porcine embryonic fibroblasts(PEFs)isolated from a male Liang Guang Small Spotted pig(LGSS),and single-cell clones harboring the desired mutation were selected for somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)to generate the founder line of IGF2T/T pigs.Results We found the heterozygous progeny IGF2C/T pigs exhibited enhanced expression of IGF2,increased lean meat by 18％-36％,enlarged loin muscle area by 3％-17％,improved intramuscular fat(IMF)content by 18％-39％,marbling score by 0.75-1,meat color score by 0.53-1.25,and reduced backfat thickness by 5％-16％.The enhanced accumulation of intramuscular fat in IGF2C/T pigs was identified to be regulated by the PI3K-AKT/AMPK pathway,which activated SREBP1 to promote adipogenesis.Conclusions We demonstrated the introduction of/GF2-intron3-C3071T in Chinese LGSS can improve both meat production and quality,and first identified the regulation of IMF deposition by IGF2 through SREBP1 via the PI3K-AKT/AMPK signaling pathways.Our study provides a further understanding of the biological functions of IGF2 and an example for improving porcine economic traits through precise base editing.
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    Imprinting at the KBTBD6 locus involves species-specific maternal methylation and monoallelic expression in livestock animals

    Jinsoo AhnIn-Sul HwangMi-Ryung ParkSeongsoo Hwang...
    127-145页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The primary differentially methylated regions(DMRs)which are maternally hypermethylated serve as imprinting control regions(ICRs)that drive monoallelic gene expression,and these ICRs have been investigated due to their implications in mammalian development.Although a subset of genes has been identified as imprinted,in-depth comparative approach needs to be developed for identification of species-specific imprinted genes.Here,we examined DNA methylation status and allelic expression at the KBTBD6 locus across species and tissues and explored potential mechanisms of imprinting.Results Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-sequencing on parthenogenetic and normal porcine embryos,we identified a maternally hypermethylated DMR between the embryos at the KBTBD6 promoter CpG island and paternal monoallelic expression of KBTBD6.Also,in analyzed domesticated mammals but not in humans,non-human primates and mice,the KBTBD6 promoter CpG islands were methylated in oocytes and/or allelically methyl-ated in tissues,and monoallelic KBTBD6 expression was observed,indicating livestock-specific imprinting.Further analysis revealed that these CpG islands were embedded within transcripts in porcine and bovine oocytes which coexisted with an active transcription mark and DNA methylation,implying the presence of transcription-dependent imprinting.Conclusions In this study,our comparative approach revealed an imprinted expression of the KBTBD6 gene in domesticated mammals,but not in humans,non-human primates,and mice which implicates species-specific evolution of genomic imprinting.
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    Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of goat ovarian aging

    Dejun XuShuaifei SongFuguo WangYawen Li...
    146-161页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The ovaries are one of the first organs that undergo degenerative changes earlier in the aging pro-cess,and ovarian aging is shown by a decrease in the number and quality of oocytes.However,little is known about the molecular mechanisms of female age-related fertility decline in different types of ovarian cells during aging,especially in goats.Therefore,the aim of this study was to reveal the mechanisms driving ovarian aging in goats at single-cell resolution.Results For the first time,we surveyed the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of over 27,000 ovarian cells from newborn,young and aging goats,and identified nine ovarian cell types with distinct gene-expression signa-tures.Functional enrichment analysis showed that ovarian cell types were involved in their own unique biological pro-cesses,such as Wnt beta-catenin signalling was enriched in germ cells,whereas ovarian steroidogenesis was enriched in granulosa cells(GCs).Further analysis showed that ovarian aging was linked to GCs-specific changes in the anti-oxidant system,oxidative phosphorylation,and apoptosis.Subsequently,we identified a series of dynamic genes,such as AMH,CRABP2,THBS1 and TIMP1,which determined the fate of GCs.Additionally,FOXO1,SOX4,and HIF1A were identified as significant regulons that instructed the differentiation of GCs in a distinct manner during ovarian aging.Conclusions This study revealed a comprehensive aging-associated transcriptomic atlas characterizing the cell type-specific mechanisms during ovarian aging at the single-cell level and offers new diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for age-related goat ovarian diseases.
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    Identification of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus-Brahman crossbred heifers

    Quinn A.HoornGabriel A.ZayasEduardo E.RodriguezLaura M.Jensen...
    162-170页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background In beef cattle,more than 50％of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf.Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef production.Results Genome-wide association studies(GWAS)were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus-Brahman crossbred heifers.Further-more,a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm.Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs.In the discovery population,heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI)followed by natural mating for 3 months.Two phenotypes were analyzed:pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n=1,481)and pregnancy status at the end of the breed-ing season(PEBS;n=1,725).The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS,respectively.In the PAI model,one quantitative trait locus(QTL),located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7,explained about 3％of the genetic variation,in a region containing a cluster of y-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2.Other QTLs explaining between 0.5％and 1％of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25.In the PEBS model,a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI,with minor QTLs located on BTA5,9,10,11,19,and 20.The validation popula-tion for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus-Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natu-ral mating.In concordance with the discovery population,the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were identified.Conclusions In summary,QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers,including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes.Confirmation of these associations with larger populations could lead to the development of genomic predictions of reproductive function in beef cat-tle.Moreover,additional research is warranted to study the function of candidate genes associated with QTLs.
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