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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)
中国科学技术协会
畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)

中国科学技术协会

李德发

季刊

1674-9782

zgxm@cau.edu.cn;xmzz@cau.edu.cn

010-62734403/2723

100193

中国农业大学西校区动物科技学院Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology编辑部

畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)/Journal Journal of Animal Science and BiotechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>定位为国内外公开发行的专业学术期刊，宗旨是立足国内，面向国际，为国内外畜牧科技工作者提供国际化学术共享的园地，促进我国与国际上其他国家在畜牧科学领域的交流；让中国畜牧科技走向世界，让世界了解中国畜牧科技。
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    Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

    Wenchao LiuHuimei LiuYaoyao WangZhongxiang Zhao...
    344-361页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler production.This study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intesti-nal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8 ℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5 ℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1％EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per replicate.The study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and 4.At the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,anti-oxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(slgA)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S rDNA sequencing.Results Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3-4 weeks of HS(P＜0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of slgA in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P＜0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P＜0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregu-lated the relative mRNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P＜0.05),whereas down regu-lated the relative mRNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-α and IL-1β of the jejunum(P＜0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P＜0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed broilers.Furthermore,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression(P＜0.05)and negatively correlated with jejunal Occludin level(P＜0.05).However,the proportions of Lactobacillus,Barnesiella,Subdoligranulum,Megasphaera,Collinsella,and Blautia among the three groups were positively related to ADG(P＜0.05).Conclusions EPS can be used as a feed additive in yellow-feathered broilers.It effectively improves growth perfor-mance and alleviates HS-induced intestinal injury by relieving inflammatory damage and improving the tight junction proteins expression.These beneficial effects may be related to inhibiting NF-κB/MLCK signaling pathway activation and regulation of cecal microbiota.
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    Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows

    Ke WangYa WangLei GuoYong Zhuo...
    362-373页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Two studies were designed to determine standard ileal crude protein(CP)and amino acid(AA)digest-ibility of soybean meal(SBM)from different origins fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows.Seven solvent-extracted SBMs from soybeans produced in the USA,Brazil,and China were selected.In Exp.1,eight different diets were created:a nitrogen(N)-free diet and 7 experimental diets containing SBM from different origins as the only N source.Eight non-pregnant,multiparous sows were arranged in an 8x8 Latin square design(8 periods and 8 diets).In Exp.2,the diet formula was the same as in Exp.1.Eight gestating sows(parity 3)were assigned to 4 different diets in a repli-cated 4×3 Youden square design(three periods and four diets)in mid-gestation and again in late-gestation stages.Results When fed to non-pregnant and late-gestating sows,the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of CP and most AAs from different SBM were not significantly different(P＞0.05).When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for Arg,His,Lys,Phe,Cys,Gly,Ser,andTyr in SBM 1 were lower than in SBM 4 and 5(P＜0.05),whereas SID for Leu from SBM 5 was higher than in SBM 1 and 4(P＜0.05).SID values for lie,Ala,and Asp from SBM 4 were lower than in SBM 1 and 5(P＜0.05).Sows had significantly greater SID values for Lys,Ala,and Asp during mid-gestation when compared with late-gestation stages(P＜0.05).Mid-gestating sows had greater SID value for Val and lower SID value forTyr when compared with non-pregnant and late-gestating sows(P＜0.01),whereas non-pregnant sows had significantly greater SID value for Met when compared with gestating sows(P＜0.01).Conclusions When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for most AAs varied among SBM samples.The SID values for Lys,Met,Val,Ala,Asp,and Tyr in SBM were affected by sow gestation stages.Our findings provide a corner-stone for accurate SBM use in sow diets.
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    Dietary Macleaya cordata extract supplementation improves the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis

    Bochen SongJie HeXue PanLinglian Kong...
    374-395页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The poultry industry needs effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE)caused by Clostridium perfringens.Methods The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Macleaya cordata extract(MCE)on the immune function and gut microbiota of broilers with NE.A total of 288 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two concentrations of dietary MCE supplementation(0 or 350 mg/kg of diet)and two disease challenge statuses(control or NE).Results The results revealed that NE significantly increased the feed conversion rate(FCR),mortality,intestinal lesion score,the levels of IL-1 β,IL-17 and IFN-γ/IL-4 in serum and IL-17/IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa,mRNA levels of TLR2,IFN-γand plgR in the jejunum,and Clostridium perfringens concentrations in the cecum.NE significantly decreased the body weight(BW),body weight gain(BWG),jejunal villus height,V/C,mRNA level of AMPK-α1 in jejunum,IL-4 level in the jejunal mucosa and lactic acid bacteria abundance in the cecum.MCE significantly increased BW,BWG,jejunal villus height,V/C,mRNA levels of occludin,ZO-1 and AMPK-α1 in the jejunum,the levels of IgA and IgG in serum and IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa and mRNA levels of NF-κB,IL-10 and MHC-Ⅱ in the jejunum.Additionally,MCE signifi-cantly decreased the FCR,mortality,intestinal lesion score,jejunal crypt depth,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in serum and IL-17/IL-10 in the jejunal mucosa,Clostridium perfringens concentrations in the cecum,and mRNA levels of IL-17/IL-10 in the jejunum.Moreover,NE significantly increased the abundance of bacteria that are associated with inflam-mation,obesity and depression(Alistipes,Barnesiella,Intestinimonas,RF39 and UCG-005)and significantly decreased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria(Anaerotruncus,Butyricicoccus and Bacteroides)in the cecum.MCE significantly increased the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria(Streptococcus,Ruminococcus_torques_group and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group)and significantly reduced the abundance of bacteria that are associated with inflammation and obesity(Alistipes,Barnesiella and UCG-010)in the cecum.In the cecum of broilers with NE,the relative abundance of Barnesiella and Alistipes was higher and that of Lachnoclostridium and Shuttlewor-thia was lower.Interestingly,these trends were reversed by the addition of MCE to the diet.Spearman correlation analysis showed that Barnesiella and Alistipes were associated with enhanced intestinal infllammation and inhibited growth performance,whereas Lachnoclostridium and Shuttleworthia were associated with anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusions MCE ameliorated the loss of growth performance in broiler chickens with NE,probably by regulating the intestinal barrier,immune function,and gut microbiota.
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    Preweaning period is a critical window for rumen microbial regulation of average daily gain in Holstein heifer calves

    Shengyang XuChong JiaoQiyu DiaoYan Tu...
    396-411页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Rumen bacterial groups can affect growth performance,such as average daily gain(ADG),feed intake,and efficiency.The study aimed to investigate the inter-relationship of rumen bacterial composition,rumen fermenta-tion indicators,serum indicators,and growth performance of Holstein heifer calves with different ADG.Twelve calves were chosen from a trail with 60 calves and divided into higher ADG(HADG,high pre-and post-weaning ADG,n=6)and lower ADG(LADG,low pre-and post-weaning ADG,n=6)groups to investigate differences in bacterial composi-tion and functions and host phenotype.Results During the preweaning period,the relative abundances of propionate producers,including g_norank_f_Butyricicoccaceae,g_Pyramidobacter,and g_norank_f_norank o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group,were higher in HADG calves(LDA＞2,P＜0.05).Enrichment of these bacteria resulted in increased levels of propionate,a gluconeogenic precursor,in preweaning HADG calves(adjusted P＜0.05),which consequently raised serum glucose concentrations(adjusted P＜0.05).In contrast,the relative abundances of rumen bacteria in post-weaning HADG calves did not exert this effect.Moreover,no significant differences were observed in rumen fermentation parameters and serum indices between the two groups.Conclusions The findings of this study revealed that the preweaning period is the window of opportunity for rumen bacteria to regulate the ADG of calves.
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    Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and the impact on rumen fermentation and methanogenic archaea

    Pedro RomeroAlejandro BelancheElisabeth JiménezRafael Hueso...
    412-426页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor due to the presence of halo-genated methane(CH4)analogues,primarily bromoform(CHBr3).This study aimed to investigate the degradation process of CHBr3 from A.taxiformis in the rumen and whether this process is diet-dependent.An in vitro batch culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A.taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2％DM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentrate(HC)and high-forage diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for 72 h and samples of headspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the pattern of degradation of CHBr3 into dibromomethane(CH2Br2)and fermentation parameters.Additionally,an in vitro experi-ment with pure cultures of seven methanogens strains(Methanobrevibacter smithii,Methanobrevibacter ruminan-tium,Methanosphaera stadtmanae,Methanosarcina barkeri,Methanobrevibacter millerae,Methanothermobacter wolfei and Methanobacterium mobile)was conducted to test the effects of increasing concentrations of CHBr3(0.4,2,10 and 50 μmol/L).Results The addition of AT significantly decreased CH4 production(P=0.002)and the acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h incubation.The concentrations of CHBr3 showed a rapid decrease with nearly 90％degraded within the first 3 h of incubation.On the contrary,CH2Br2 concentration quickly increased during the first 6 h and then gradually decreased towards the end of the incubation.Neither CHBr3 degradation nor CH2Br2 synthesis were affected by the type of diet used as substrate,suggesting that the fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in CHBr3 degradation.The in vitro culture of methanogens showed a dose-response effect of CHBr3 by inhibiting the growth of M.smithii,M.ruminantium,M.stadtmanae,M.barkeri,M.millerae,M.wolfei,and M.mobile.Conclusions The present work demonstrated that CHBr3 from A.taxiformis is quickly degraded to CH2Br2 in the rumen and that the fermentation rate promoted by different diets is not a driving factor involved in CHBr3 degradation.
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    Multi-omics analysis reveals the molecular regulatory network underlying the prevention of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum against LPS-induced salpingitis in laying hens

    Dan SongAike LiBingxu ChenJia Feng...
    427-441页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Salpingitis is one of the common diseases in laying hen production,which greatly decreases the eco-nomic outcome of laying hen farming.Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was effective in preventing local or systemic inflammation,however rare studies were reported on its prevention against salpingitis.This study aimed to investigate the preventive molecular regulatory network of microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum(MLP)against salpin-gitis through multi-omics analysis,including microbiome,transcriptome and metabolome analyses.Results The results revealed that supplementation of MLP in diet significantly alleviated the inflammation and atro-phy of uterus caused by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in hens(P＜0.05).The concentrations of plasma IL-2 and IL-10 in hens of MLP-LPS group were higher than those in hens of LPS-stimulation group(CN-LPS group)(P＜0.05).The expression levels of TLR2,MYD88,NF-κB,COX2,and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the hens fed diet supple-mented with MLP and suffered with LPS stimulation(MLP-LPS group)compared with those in the hens of CN-LPS group(P＜0.05).Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)induced by MLP were involved in inflammation,reproduc-tion,and calcium ion transport.At the genus level,the MLP supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium,whereas decreased the abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas in LPS challenged hens(P＜0.05).The metabolites altered by dietary supplementation with MLP were mainly involved in galactose,uronic acid,histidine,pyruvate and primary bile acid metabolism.Dietary supplementation with MLP inversely regulates LPS-induced differential metabolites such as LysoPA(24:0/0:0)(P＜0.05).Conclusions In summary,dietary supplementation with microencapsulated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum prevented salpingitis by modulating the abundances of Candidatus_Saccharimonas,Phascolarctobacterium,Ruminococcus_tor-ques_group and Eubacterium_hallii_group while downregulating the levels of plasma metabolites,p-tolyl sulfate,o-cresol and N-acetylhistamine and upregulating S-lactoylglutathione,simultaneously increasing the expressions of CPNE4,CNTN3 and ACAN genes in the uterus,and ultimately inhibiting oviducal inflammation.
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    Does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve Muscovy duck welfare?

    Marta GariglioSihem DabbouManuela RennaIlaria Biasato...
    442-455页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The provision of environmental enrichments to Muscovy ducks could reduce the expression of the aggressive behaviors.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly(BSF)and yel-low mealworm(YM)live larva provision on Muscovy duck performance,excreta corticosterone metabolites(ECM),behavior,and blood parameters.Methods A total of 126 3-day-old female Muscovy ducklings were allotted to 18 pens(6 replicates/treatment,7 birds/pen)and assigned to 3 experimental treatments:a control group fed commercial feed,and two experimental treatments fed commercial feed plus the 5％(based on the expected daily feed intake,as fed basis)of BSF and YM live larvae(BSF and YM groups,respectively).A two-phase feeding program was applied:starter(from 3 to 31 days of age)and grower-finisher(from 32 to 55 days of age).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were calculated.Larva consumption times were collected,and video recordings were performed during 3 periods(P)each day:the hour before(P1),during(P2),and after(P3)the larva administration.ECM were evaluated at 3,31,and 55-day-old.Finally,the total red and white blood cell counts,serum proteins,lipids,and liver and renal function serum enzymes were evaluated on 12 birds/treatment.Results The experimental treatment did not affect the growth performance of the birds(P＞0.05).Larva consump-tion times were always similar between the two insect species,except at 14-18 days of age,were BSF larvae were consumed faster than YM larvae(P＜0.001).The birds showed less walking activity during P2,and preening behavior increased in YM birds during P3.The C birds increased the attack behavior over the weeks(P＜0.05).During weeks 1-3 the YM group reduced the attack frequency(P1＞P3;P＜0.05).Finally,the provision of live BSF and YM larvae signifi-cantly reduced the ECM at 55 days of age and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio(P＜0.05).Conclusions Live BSF and YM larva supplementation in Muscovy duck improves duck welfare,without impairing birds'growth performance.
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    Generation of double knockout cattle via CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation

    Gyeong-Min GimKyeong-Hyeon EomDong-Hyeok KwonDae-Jin Jung...
    456-462页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural fields.However,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestational periods,single pregnancy,and high raising cost.Furthermore,technically demanding methods such as microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)are needed for gene editing in cattle.In this point of view,electroporation in embryos has been risen as an alternative.Results First,editing efficiency of our electroporation methods were tested for embryos.Presence of mutation on embryo was confirmed byT7E1 assay.With first combination,mutation rates for MSTN and PRNP were 57.6％±13.7％and 54.6％±13.5％,respectively.In case of MSTN/BLG,mutation rates were 83.9％±23.6％for MSTN,84.5％±18.0％for BLG.Afterwards,the double-KO embryos were transferred to surrogates and mutation rate was identified in resultant calves by targeted deep sequencing.Thirteen recipients were transferred for MSTN/PRNP,4 calves were delivered,and one calf underwent an induction for double KO.Ten surrogates were given double-KO embryos for MSTN/BLG,and four of the six calves that were born had mutations in both genes.Conclusions These data demonstrated that production of genome edited cattle via electroporation of RNP could be effectively applied.Finally,MSTN and PRNP from beef cattle and MSTN and BLG from dairy cattle have been born and they will be valuable resources for future precision breeding.
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