查看更多>>摘要：Sodium-ion batteries show great potential as an alternative energy storage system,but safety concerns remain a major hurdle to their mass adoption.This paper analyzes the key factors and mechanisms leading to safety issues,including thermal runaway,sodium dendrite,internal short circuits,and gas release.Several promising solutions are proposed,such as high-safety electrode materials in the cathode and anode,high-safety elec-trolytes,and external battery management systems.Here in also we emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate analysis methods and developing reliable failure models while suggesting advanced machine learning tools for analysis.With a comprehensive approach,this study offers valuable recommendations to optimize materials and solutions for improving the safety of sodium-ion batteries.
查看更多>>摘要：With the growing energy demand associated with high safety and low-cost requirement,aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been considered as one of the most promising next-generation batteries.However,some key issues,such as uncontrollable dendrites growth,severe cor-rosion,hydrogen evolution and side reactions of Zn anodes during charge/discharge process,have hindered its prag-matic applications.Two-dimensional(2D)materials hold advantages of unique physical and chemical properties,large surface areas and abundant active sites,which have been successfully used to overcome the above shortcomings of Zn anodes in recent years.In this review,the issues and chal-lenges of Zn anodes are outlined.Then,the state-of-the-art progress on Zn anodes modification based on 2D materials such as graphene,2D metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes),2D metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),2D covalent organic frameworks(COFs),2D transition metal compounds and other 2D materials is discussed in detail.Finally,the per-spectives of employing 2D materials in highly reversible Zn anodes are summarized and discussed.
查看更多>>摘要：Although lithium-sulfur batteries are one of the favorable candidates for next-generation energy storage devices,a few key challenges that have not been addressed have limited its commercialization.These challenges include lithium dendrite growth in the anode side,volume change of the active material,poor electrical conductivity,dissolution and migration of polysulfides,and slow rate of solid-state reactions in the cathode side.Since the elec-trochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is greatly affected by the design of the cathode host material,it has also been widely discussed in addressing the above-mentioned issues.In this paper,three design ideas of cathode host materials in terms of microstructure,crystal structure and electronic structure are introduced and sum-marized.Crucially,the current progress of these three structural design strategies and their effects on the elec-trochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed in detail.Finally,future directions in the struc-tural design of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur bat-teries are discussed and further perspectives are provided.
查看更多>>摘要：Metal-organic framework-like materials(MOFs)have been developed in the fields of photocatalysis for their excellent optical properties and physicochemical properties,including environmental remediation,CO2 photoreduction,water splitting,and so on.With theirimportant roles in various fields,rare earth elements have received growing interests from scientists.Modifying MOFs with rare earth elements for modification allows broadening the absorption spectrum,while the active electrons on their empty 4f orbitals can act as traps to capture photoexcited carriers to inhibit the recombi-nation of electron-hole pairs,thus promoting photocatalytic activity.Therefore,rare earth elements modified MOFs pro-vide an attractive way to achieve their high value utilization.In this mini-review,the synthesis of rare earth element-mod-ified MOFs photocatalysts and corresponding applications in the removal of antibiotics,CO2 reduction,and hydrogen production are constructively summarized and discussed.Finally,the latest advancements and current difficulties of these materials as well as the application prospects are also provided.
查看更多>>摘要：Limited by the planar imaging structure,the commercial camera needs to introduce additional optical elements to compensate for the curved focal plane to match the planar image sensor.This results in a complex and bulky structure.In contrast,biological eyes possess a simple and compact structure due to their curved imaging structure that can directly match with the curved focal plane.Inspired by the structures and functions of biological eyes,curved vision systems not only improve the image quality,but also offer a variety of advanced functions.Here,we review the recent advances in bioinspired vision systems with curved imaging structures.Specifically,we focus on their applications in implementing different functions of biological eyes,as well as the emerging curved neuromorphic imaging systems that incorporate bioinspired optical and neuromorphic processing tech-nologies.In addition,the challenges and opportunities of bioinspired curved imaging systems are also discussed.
查看更多>>摘要：With abundant potassium resources and high capacity,potassium metal batteries(PMBs)present a compelling option for the next generation of energy storage technology.However,PMBs suffer from an unstable anode interface caused by uncontrolled dendrite growth,which results in unsatisfactory cyclability and safety concerns.Extensive investigations suggest that significant progress has been made in enhancing the interfacial stability of PMBs.The various effective strategies for stabilizing interfaces can ultimately be attributed to the regulation of the sluggish ion transfer kinetics and irregular deposition,i.e.,the arrangement of ion transport behaviors at the interface.Rational modulation of ions transport rate and ions deposition directions makes it possible to obtain a dendrite-free and smooth deposition plane.Herein,the influencing factors and action mechanism of K+interface transport behaviors are discussed to understand the nature of material design for constructing stable anode interfaces,including regulating the solvation and desolvation struc-tures,accelerating K+transport kinetics and controlling K+deposition direction.In addition,the deficiencies and pro-spects of the research on electrolyte,separators and designed electrode involved in the manufacturing and testing and ion transport process of PMBs are discussed.This review is expected to provide some possible directions for constructing dendrite-free interfaces in advanced PMBs-related research and offer significant insights for prospective experimental research and commercial appli-cations.
查看更多>>摘要：Due to the high theoretical specific capacity(1675 mAh·g-1),low cost,and high safety of the sulfur cathodes,they are expected to be one of the most promising rivals for a new generation of energy storage systems.However,the shuttle effect,low conductivity of sulfur and its discharge products,volume expansion,and other factors hinder the commercialization of lithium-sul-fur batteries(LSBs).The development of sulfur-fixing materials and the design of multifunctional materials to enhance the electrochemical performance of LSBs have been the main research priorities in recent years.Because of the advantages of high conductivity,built-in electric field,and good synergism,more and more researchers have employed heterostructure into sulfur-fixing materials to enhance the catalytic and absorption ability for polysul-fides.In this review,the principle of heterostructure and the mechanism of enhancing the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries are described.The applications of heterostructure in cathode and interlayer of LSBs in the latest years are summarized.Finally,the cutting-edge troubles and possi-bilities of heterostructures in LSBs are briefly presented.
查看更多>>摘要：Energy-saving and environmentally friendly photocatalysis has emerged as a popular research area in response to issues with energy scarcity and environmental degradation.Due to the unique layer-like structure,BiOX(Cl,Br,I)is frequently used in photocatalysis.However,inherent flaws in BiOX,such as an inappropriate band gap and low carrier separation efficiency,restrict its capacity for photocatalysis.Owing to the tunable grouping layer,alloying engineering is employed to optimize the intrinsic properties of BiOX and alloyed BiOX becomes a promis-ing photocatalytic material.This review describes the structure of BiOX,where tunable halogen layers provide favorable conditions for the implementation of alloying engineering to improve intrinsic properties.The article compares the effects and mechanisms of alloying engi-neering on the optimization of the energy band structure and carrier behavior of BiOX,and lists various modifica-tion methods used to improve the optimization of the intrinsic properties by alloying engineering,including defect engineering,morphology control as well as the synergy between alloying and other modification methods(bismuth-rich strategies,cation doping,construction of heterojunctions and plasma resonance effects).Subse-quently,applications of alloyed BiOX in energy and environmental fields are summarized,including contami-nant degradation,antibacterial,CO2 reduction,nitrogen fixation and organic synthesis.Finally,we summarize the current challenges and future directions of alloyed BiOX.It is expected that this work will provide guidance and assistance for an in-depth study and understanding of the mechanisms of alloying engineering to optimize intrinsic properties and design alloyed BiOX with higher photo-catalytic activity.
查看更多>>摘要：Electrocatalysis of CO2 reduction reaction is an effective way to convert CO2 into high value-added prod-ucts,but the selectivity of Cu-based catalysts for C2+products needs to be improved due to the high energy barrier of C-C coupling.Therefore,a viable catalyst design strategy to decrease energy barrier of C-C coupling should be put forward.Here,a nanocavity-enriched CuPd single atom alloy(CuPd SAA)catalyst is designed to promote C-C coupling process.The faradaic efficiency of CuPd SAA for ethylene and C2+reaches 75.6％and 85.7％at-0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),respectively.Based on the results given by in situ characterization,the porous hollow structure dramatically increases the ratio of the linear-bond*CO,thus enhancing the faradaic efficiency for ethylene.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation reveals that the Pd doping can regulate the electronic structure of neighboring Cu atoms to decrease the energy barrier of C-C coupling,further improving the faradaic efficiency.This work provides a new idea for designing catalyst with high selectivity for ethylene.
查看更多>>摘要：Dual-phase heterointerface electrocatalysts(DPHE)constructed by oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)-and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)-active elements exhibit excellent bifunctional activity and long-term dura-bility due to the abundant interface exposure and syner-gistic catalytic effect.Herein,low-dimensional N-doped graphene nanoribbons(N-GNRs)coupling with ultrathin CoO nanocomposites(N-GNRs/CoO)were controllably fabricated through a facile two-step approach using syn-thesized Co(OH)2 nanosheet as CoO precursor.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations and experimental characterizations prove that the formation of interface between N-GNRs and CoO can induce local charge redistribution,contributing to the improvement of catalytic activity and stability.The optimal N-GNRs/CoO DPHE possesses hierarchically porous architectures and presents outstanding bifunctional activities with a small potential gap of 0.729 V between the potential at 10 mA·cm-2 for OER and the halfwave potential for ORR,which outper-forms Pt/C+IrO2 and the majority of noble-metal-free bifunctional catalysts.Liquid-and solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries assembled with N-GNRs/CoO as the cathode also display high peak power density and fantastic cycle stability,superior to that of benchmark Pt/C+IrO2 catalyst.It is anticipated to offer significant benefits toward high activity,stability and mechanical flexibility bifunc-tional oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries.
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