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园艺学报（英文版）
园艺学报（英文版）
园艺学报（英文版）/CSTPCDSCI
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    Decoding the fruit microbiome:A climate smart strategy to manage postharvest decays

    Manori KuruppuKong Lih LingPhebe DingKhairulmazmi Ahmad...
    1061-1072页
    查看更多>>摘要：There is an urgent necessity to shift our diets toward those rich in fruits and vegetables and at reduce postharvest losses of perishables.Approximately 20％-50％of fruits and vegetables are lost due to poor postharvest handling and pathogen infections in developing countries while it was estimated as 5％-35％in developed countries.Fresh fruits have evolved with a plethora of microorganisms having important roles in maintaining fruit health.However,little information is available on the dynamics,structure,and functional capacities of underpinning fruit microbiomes.The present review discussed environmental conditions favoring fruit-harbored antagonists and their different modes of action for suppressing postharvest pathogens in fruits.It also provides information on omics technologies such as next-generation sequencing(NGS),metaproteomics,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomics studies to characterize fruit microbiomes.With the advent of NGS and meta-omics technologies,microbiome research could bring remarkable development and understanding in succeeding biological treatments.In addi-tion,they may provide us with a fundamental understanding of microclimate requirements for fruit microbiome establishment and micro-biome shifts during post-harvest storage,which would be advantageous in developing composite biocontrol treatments for post-harvest decay management.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Transcriptional regulation of MdPIN7 by MdARF19 during gravity-induced formation of adventitious root GSA in self-rooted apple stock

    Zenghui WangXuemei YangLinyue HuWei Liu...
    1073-1084页
    查看更多>>摘要：Self-rooted apple stock is widely used for apple production.However,the shallowness of the adventitious roots in self-rooted apple stock leads to poor performance in the barren orchards of China.This is because of the considerable difference in the development of a gravitropic set-point angle(GSA)between self-rooted apple stock and seedling rootstock.Therefore,it is crucial to study the molecular mechanism of adventitious root GSA in self-rooted apple stock for breeding self-rooted and deep-rooted apple rootstock cultivars.An apple auxin response factor MdARF19 functioned to establish the adventitious root GSA of self-rooted apple stock in response to gravity and auxin signals.MdARF19 bound directly to the MdPIN7 promoter,activating its transcriptional expression and thus regulating the formation of the adventitious root GSA in 12-2 self-rooted apple stock.However,MdARF19 influenced the expression of auxin efflux carriers(MdPIN3 and MdPIN10)and the estab-lishment of adventitious root GSA of self-rooted apple stock in response to gravity signals by direct activation of MdFLP.Our findings provide new information on the transcriptional regulation of MdPIN7 by auxin response factor MdARF19 in the regulation of the adventitious root GSA of self-rooted apple stock in response to gravity and auxin signals.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    The role of the auxin-response genes MdGH3.1 and MdSAUR36 in bitter pit formation in apple

    Daqing HuangWen PengNa GongLina Qiu...
    1085-1098页
    查看更多>>摘要：Apples often exhibit bitter pits in response to metabolic disorders during ripening and storage;however,the mechanisms underlying the bitter pit(BP)development remain unclear.Here,metabolome and transcriptome analyses were performed to investigate BP pulp of'Fuji'.Two auxin-response genes,MdGH3.1 and MdSAUR36,were screened.Their expression as well as the auxin content in BP pulp were found to be higher than those in healthy pulp(P＜0.01).In the field,excess CO(NH2)2 increased the incidence of BP.Moreover,the auxin content and MdGH3.1 expression increased in apples after nitrogen fertilization.On Day 30 before harvest,the two genes were transiently transferred to the fruit,and 20.69％and 23.21％of BP fruits were harvested.After 10 μmol-L-1 auxin was infiltrated at low pressure into postharvest fruit,the increase in MdGH3.1 expression occurred earlier than that in MdSAUR36.MdGH3.1 increased the expression of MdSAUR36,but MdSAUR36 did not increase expression of MdGH3.1.Therefore,we suggest that MdGH3.1 acts upstream of MdSAUR36 during BP formation and that these genes induce BP formation by regulating auxin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of preharvest internal browning in Nane plum fruit caused by high temperature

    Cheng PengLinping DengHejun TanWancong Meng...
    1099-1111页
    查看更多>>摘要：The preharvest internal browning of Nane plum fruit,with no visible effects on the appearance of the fruit,has become a serious problem in recent years in its production area in Guangdong Province,China.This study investigated the effects of environmental factors,including temperature,on Nane plum internal browning.Plum orchards at different elevations with different incidences of internal browning were selected.Using fruits with different internal browning incidence levels,the internal browning mechanism was analyzed with transcriptome and metabolome analyses.The results revealed decreased internal browning at high altitudes.Shading treatment significantly reduced internal browning,whereas bagging and insect-proof net-covering treatments significantly increased internal browning.Because bagging and net coverings increase the local ambient temperature,the findings suggest that high temperature is an important factor influencing the internal browning of Nane plum.The metabolome experiments showed that with increased internal browning,the levels of phenolic hydroxyls such as catechol increased,with simultaneous increases in hydrogen peroxide content and oxidase activity.It can be speculated that the oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl substances is the main cause of the preharvest browning of Nane plum.Transcriptome analysis revealed the increased expression of calcium signaling-related and downstream effector genes and indicated an important role of calcium in internal browning,possibly due to its increased content in the fruit.Further,with increasingly serious internal browning,genes related to photosynthesis were down-regulated,while genes related to senescence were up-regulated,thus suggesting the up-regulation of the process of cell senescence during internal browning.In conclusion,heat stress should be eliminated to reduce preharvest internal browning in Nane plum.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Identification of a hypersensitive response core peptide of HrpZ and its role in increasing grape downy mildew resistance

    Zongbao FanXueqiang GuanZhichang ZhangYushuai Sun...
    1112-1120页
    查看更多>>摘要：Harpins play a key role in inducing disease resistance in crops,and identifying their core functional regions and establishing a system for their efficient expression would be very valuable.In this study,large amounts of soluble fusion proteins of harpin HrpZ and its subpeptides were obtained via the optimized induction conditions(28 ℃ with 0.5 mmol-L-1 IPTG for 6 h)in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).Hypersensitive response(HR)assays demonstrated that the C-terminal 66 aa of HrpZ(HrpZ_C_2_2)elicited a strong HR in tobacco(Nicotiana benthamiana)and grape(Flame Seedless)leaves.Additionally,treatment with HrpZ,and particularly HrpZ_C_2_2,significantly reduced the disease incidence and severity index of field vine leaves and those inoculated with downy mildew.The determination of the physiological parameters indicated that HrpZ,and especially HrpZ_C_2_2,improved the photosynthesis-and chlorophyll fluorescence-related parameters,enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes,including SOD,POD,CAT and PAL,and increased the H2O2 level.Collectively,we efficiently expressed a core peptide of HrpZ and elucidated its strong ability to elicit a HR and resistance to downy mildew.This research provides insight into understanding the structure and function of HrpZ and will advance the application of HrpZ_C_2_2 to increase the resistance of grapevine to downy mildew.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Identification and characterization of genes related to m6A modification in kiwifruit using RNA-seq and ATAC-seq

    Xiaoli HuTong LiChangbin XuYanna Xu...
    1121-1133页
    查看更多>>摘要：N6-methyladenosine(m6A)RNA modification is a conserved mechanism that regulates the fate of RNA across eukaryotic organisms.Despite its significance,a comprehensive analysis of m6A-related genes in non-model plants,such as kiwifruit,is lacking.Here,we identified 36 m6A-related genes in the kiwifruit genome according to homology and phylogenetic inference.We performed bioinformatics and evolutionary analyses of the writer,eraser,and reader families of m6A modification.Reanalysis of public RNA-seq data collected from samples under various biotic and abiotic stresses indicated that most m6A-related genes were remarkably expressed under different conditions.Through construction of gene co-expression networks,we found significant correlations between several m6A-related genes and transcription factors(TFs)as well as receptor-like genes during the development and ripening of kiwifruit.Furthermore,we performed ATAC-seq assays on diverse kiwifruit tissues to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of m6A-related genes.We identified 10 common open chromatin regions that were present in at least two tissues,and these regions might serve as potential binding sites for MADS protein,C2H2 protein,and other predicted TFs.Our study offers comprehensive insights into the gene family of m6A-related components in kiwifruit,which will lay foundation for exploring mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation involved in development and adaptation of kiwifruit.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    A novel transcription factor FnMYB4 regulates pigments metabolism of yellow leaf mutants in Fragaria nilgerrensis

    Shu JiangYi JiJingyu YueMingqian Wang...
    1134-1150页
    查看更多>>摘要：The strawberry species Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlechtendal ex J.Gay,renowned for its distinctive white,fragrant peach-like fruits and strong disease resistance,is an exceptional research material.In a previous study,an ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutant library was established for this species,resulting in various yellow leaf mutants.Leaf yellowing materials are not only the ideal materials for basic studies on photosynthesis mechanism,chloroplast development,and molecular regulation of various pigments,but also have important utilization value in ornamental plants breeding.The present study focused on four distinct yellow leaf mutants:mottled yellow leaf(MO),yellow green leaf(YG),light green leaf(LG),and buddha light leaf(BU).The results revealed that the flavonoid content and carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio exhibited a significant increase among these mutants,while experiencing a significant decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents compared to the wild type(WT).To clarify the regulatory mechanisms and network relationships underlying these mutants,the RNA-seq and weighted gene co-expression network(WGCNA)analyses were employed.The results showed flavonoid metabolism pathway was enriched both in MO and YG mutants,while the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway and carotenoid degradation pathway were only enriched in MO and YG mutants,respectively.Subsequently,key structural genes and transcription factors were identified on metabolic pathways of three pigments through correlation analyses and quantitative experiments.Furthermore,a R2R3-MYB transcription factor,FnMYB4,was confirmed to be positively correlated with flavonoid synthesis through transient overexpression,virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS),and RNA interference(RNAi),accompanying by reoccurrence and attenuation of mutant phenotype.Finally,dual-luciferase(LUC)and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed the binding of FnMYB4 to the FnFLS and FnF3H promoters,indicating that FnMYB4 positively regulates flavonoid synthesis.In addition,correlation analyses suggested that FnMYB4 also might be involved in chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolisms.These findings demonstrated the pivotal regulatory role of FnMYB4 in strawberry leaf coloration.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Selenocysteine methyltransferase SMT catalyzed the synthesis of Se-methylselenocysteine to regulate the accumulation of glucosinolates and sulforaphane in broccoli

    Qi WuJunwei WangYuxiao TianChunyan Zhou...
    1151-1164页
    查看更多>>摘要：Selenocysteine methyltransferase(SMT)is a key enzyme involved in the Se metabolism pathway,and it is responsible for the catalysis of Se-methylselenocysteine(SeMSC)compound formation.Previous studies showed that selenium treatment activated SMT expression and promoted the accumulation of glucosinolates(GSLs)and sulforaphane,but the roles and functional mechanisms of SMT in mediating GSLs and sulforaphane synthesis remain unclear.In this study,we identified the BoSMT gene in broccoli and uncovered its roles in mediating GSLs biosynthesis.Transgenic assays revealed that BoSMT is involved in SeMSC biosynthesis in broccoli.More importantly,the contents of GSLs and sulforaphane were significantly increased in the BoSMT-overexpressing broccoli lines but decreased in the knockdown lines,suggesting that BoSMT played a positive role in regulating GSLs and sulforaphane synthesis.Further evidence indicated that BoSMT-mediated over-accumulation of GSLs and sulforaphane might be due to the increase in the endogenous SeMSC content.Compared with the mock(water)treatment,selenite-induced significantly increases of the SeMSC content in the BoSMT-knockdown plants partially compensated the phenotype of GSLs and sulforaphane loss.Compared with the mock treatment,exogenous SeMSC treatment significantly increased the contents of GSL and sulforaphane and activated GSL synthesis-related gene expression,suggesting that SeMSC acted as a positive regulator for GSL and sul-foraphane production.Our findings provided novel insights into selenium-mediated GSLs and sulforaphane accumulation.The genetic manipulation of BoSMT might be a useful strategy for improving the dietary nutritional values of broccoli.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    VPD modifies CO2 fertilization effect on tomato plants via abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathways

    Dalong ZhangHuihua YangXiaolu ChenYan Li...
    1165-1176页
    查看更多>>摘要：Atmospheric CO2 concentration is elevated globally,which has"CO2 fertilization effects"and potentially improves plant photosynthesis,yield,and productivity.Despite the beneficial effect of CO2 fertilization being modulated by vapor pressure deficit(VPD),the underlying mechanism is highly uncertain.In the present study,the potential roles of hormones in determining CO2 fertilization effects under contrasting high and low VPD conditions were investigated by integrated physiological and transcriptomic analyses.Beneficial CO2 fertilization effects were offset under high VPD conditions and were constrained by plant water stress and photosynthetic CO2 utilization.High VPD induced a large passive water driving force,which disrupted the water balance and consequently caused plant water deficit.Leaf water potential,turgor pressure,and hydraulic conductance declined under high VPD stress.The physiological evidence combined with transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that abscisic acid(ABA)and jasmonic acid(JA)potentially acted as drought-signaling molecules in response to high VPD stress.Increased foliar ABA and JA content triggered stomatal closure to prevent excessive water loss under high VPD stress,which simultaneously increased the diffusion resistance for CO2 uptake from atmosphere to leaf intercellular space.High VPD also significantly increased mesophyll resistance for CO2 transport from stomatal cavity to fixation site inside chloroplast.The chloroplast"sink"CO2 availability was constrained by stomatal and mesophyll resistance under high VPD stress,despite the atmospheric"source"CO2 concentration being elevated.Thus,ABA-and JA-mediated drought-resistant mechanisms potentially modified the beneficial effect of CO2 fertilization on photosynthesis,plant growth,and yield productivity.This study provides valuable information for improving the utilization efficiency of CO2 fertilization and a better under-standing of the physiological processes.
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    • 万方数据

    Transcriptomic analysis on cucumber tendril reveals GLRs play important roles in thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis

    Mengzhuo ZhangBowen WangShenhao WangTongxu Xin...
    1177-1186页
    查看更多>>摘要：Thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis are two related and pervasive processes that play crucial roles in plant adaptation to the environment.However,there have been few investigations into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of these phenomena.Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)tendrils are ideal material for studying thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis because they display a combination of the two processes.Here,we generated the transcriptome profiles of cucumber tendrils at the young,stretch,and coiling stages.Genes related to receptor proteins,transmembrane transport,and ion transport were significantly enriched among those differentially expressed between stages.Pharmacological assays illustrated that three GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR(GLR)genes might play a vital function in perceiving or transducing touch stimulation signals.Comparing the transcriptomes of tendrils and roots after touch stimulation,we found that genes related to extracellular stimulus and xyloglucan metabolism might have conserved functions in the regulation of thigmomorphogenesis.The tran-scriptome atlas of thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis of cucumber tendrils constructed in this study will help further elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind these processes.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普