首页期刊导航|园艺研究（英文）
期刊信息/Journal information
园艺研究（英文）
园艺研究（英文）
园艺研究（英文）/Journal Horticulture ResearchCSCDCSTPCDSCI
正式出版
收录年代

    Genetic and epigenetic signatures for improved breeding of cultivated blueberry

    Zejia WangWanchen ZhangYangyan ZhouQiyan Zhang...
    131-146页
    查看更多>>摘要：Blueberry belongs to the Vaccinium genus and is a highly popular fruit crop with significant economic importance.It was not until the early twentieth century that they began to be domesticated through extensive interspecific hybridization.Here,we collected 220 Vaccinium accessions from various geographical locations,including 154 from the United States,14 from China,eight from Australia,and 29 from Europe and other countries,comprising 164 Vaccinium corymbosum,15 Vaccinium ashei,10 lowbush blueberries,seven half-high blueberries,and others.We present the whole-genome variation map of 220 accessions and reconstructed the hundred-year molecular history of interspecific hybridization of blueberry.We focused on the two major blueberry subgroups,the northern highbush blueberry(NHB)and southern highbush blueberry(SHB)and identified candidate genes that contribute to their distinct traits in climate adaptability and fruit quality.Our analysis unveiled the role of gene introgression from Vaccinium darrowii and V.ashei into SHB in driving the differentiation between SHB and NHB,potentially facilitating SHB's adaptation to subtropical environments.Assisted by genome-wide association studies,our analysis suggested VcTBL44 as a pivotal gene regulator governing fruit firmness in SHB.Additionally,we conducted whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on nine NHB and 12 SHB cultivars,and characterized regions that are differentially methylated between the two subgroups.In particular,we discovered that the β-alanine metabolic pathway genes were enriched for DNA methylation changes.Our study provides high-quality genetic and epigenetic variation maps for blueberry,which offer valuable insights and resources for future blueberry breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    A CRISPR/Cas9-induced male-sterile line facilitating easy hybrid production in polyploid rapeseed(Brassica napus)

    Mengxin TuRuisen WangWenhui GuoShiqi Xu...
    147-157页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rapeseed is a globally significant oilseed crop cultivated to meet the increasing demand for vegetable oil.In order to enhance yield and sustainability,breeders have adopted the development of rapeseed hybrids as a common strategy.However,current hybrid production systems in rapeseed have various limitations,necessitating the development of a simpler and more efficient approach.In this study,we propose a novel method involving the targeted disruption of Defective in Anther Dehiscence1 of Brassica napus(BnDAD1),an essential gene in the jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathway,using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,to create male-sterile lines.BnDAD1 was found to be dominantly expressed in the stamen of rapeseed flower buds.Disrupting BnDAD1 led to decreased levels of α-linolenic acid and jasmonate in the double mutants,resulting in defects in anther dehiscence and pollen maturation.By crossing the double mutant male-sterile lines with male-fertile lines,a two-line system was demonstrated,enabling the production of F1 seeds.The male-sterile trait of the bndad1 double mutant lines was maintainable by applying exogenous methyl jasmonate and subsequently self-pollinating the flowers.This breakthrough holds promising potential for harnessing heterosis in rapeseed and offers a simpler and more efficient method for producing hybrid seeds.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Integrated multi-omics investigation revealed the importance of phenylpropanoid metabolism in the defense response of Lilium regale Wilson to fusarium wilt

    Jie DengXiaoli CheYue GuYuan Qu...
    158-174页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lilies(genus Lilium)play a significant role in the global cut-flower industry,but they are highly susceptible to fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum.However,Lilium regale,a wild lily species,exhibits remarkable resistance to F.oxysporum.To investigate the quantitative resistance of L.regale to fusarium wilt,a comprehensive multi-omics analysis was conducted.Upon inoculation with F.oxysporum,L.regale roots showed a significant accumulation of phenylpropane metabolites,including lignin precursors,flavonoids,and hydroxycinnamic acids.These findings were consistent with the upregulated expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related genes encoding various enzymes,as revealed by transcriptomics and proteomics analyses.Furthermore,metabolomics and proteomics data demonstrated differential activation of monoterpenoid and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.Colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed significantly higher levels of total flavonoids,lignin,ferulic acid,phlorizin,and quercetin contents in L.regale scales compared with susceptible lily'Siberia'scales during F.oxysporum infection.These phenylpropanes exhibited inhibitory effects on F.oxysporum growth and suppressed the expression of pathogenicity-related genes.Transcriptional regulatory network analysis suggested that ethylene-responsive transcription factors(ERFs)may positively regulate phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.Therefore,LrERF4 was cloned and transiently overexpressed in the fusarium wilt-susceptible Oriental hybrid lily'Siberia'.The overexpression of LrERF4 resulted in increased levels of total flavonoids,lignin,ferulic acid,phlorizin,and quercetin,while the silencing of LrERF4 in L.regale through RNAi had the opposite effect.In conclusion,phenylpropanoid metabolism plays a crucial role in the defense response of L.regale against fusarium wilt,with LrERF4 acting as a positive regulator of phenylpropane biosynthesis.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Genome assembly and resequencing shed light on evolution,population selection,and sex identification in Vernicia montana

    Wenying LiXiang DongXingtan ZhangJie Cao...
    175-189页
    查看更多>>摘要：Vernicia montana is a dioecious plant widely cultivated for high-quality tung oil production and ornamental purposes in the Euphor-biaceae family.The lack of genomic information has severely hindered molecular breeding for genetic improvement and early sex identification in V.montana.Here,we present a chromosome-level reference genome of a male V.montana with a total size of 1.29 Gb and a contig N50 of 3.69 Mb.Genome analysis revealed that different repeat lineages drove the expansion of genome size.The model of chromosome evolution in the Euphorbiaceae family suggests that polyploidization-induced genomic structural variation reshaped the chromosome structure,giving rise to the diverse modern chromosomes.Based on whole-genome resequencing data and analyses of selective sweep and genetic diversity,several genes associated with stress resistance and flavonoid synthesis such as CYP450 genes and members of the LRR-RLK family,were identified and presumed to have been selected during the evolutionary process.Genome-wide association studies were conducted and a putative sex-linked insertion and deletion(InDel)(Chr 2:102 799 917-102 799 933 bp)was identified and developed as a polymorphic molecular marker capable of effectively detecting the gender of V.montana.This InDel is located in the second intron of VmBASS4,suggesting a possible role of VmBASS4 in sex determination in V.montana.This study sheds light on the genome evolution and sex identification of V.montana,which will facilitate research on the development of agronomically important traits and genomics-assisted breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Haplotype-resolved genome assembly for tetraploid Chinese cherry(Prunus pseudocerasus)offers insights into fruit firmness

    Songtao JiuZhengxin LvMoyang LiuYan Xu...
    190-208页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chinese cherry(Prunus pseudocerasus)holds considerable importance as one of the primary stone fruit crops in China.However,artificially improving its traits and genetic analysis are challenging due to lack of high-quality genomic resources,which mainly result from difficulties associated with resolving its tetraploid and highly heterozygous genome.Herein,we assembled a chromosome-level,haplotype-resolved genome of the cultivar'Zhuji Duanbing',comprising 993.69 Mb assembled into 32 pseudochromosomes using PacBio HiFi,Oxford Nanopore,and Hi-C.Intra-haplotype comparative analyses revealed extensive intra-genomic sequence and expression consistency.Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses demonstrated that P.pseudocerasus was a stable autotetraploid species,closely related to wild P.pusilliflora,with the two diverging～18.34 million years ago.Similar to other Prunus species,P.pseudocerasus underwent a common whole-genome duplication event that occurred～139.96 million years ago.Because of its low fruit firmness,P.pseudocerasus is unsuitable for long-distance transportation,thereby restricting its rapid development throughout China.At the ripe fruit stage,P.pseudocerasus cv.'Zhuji Duanbing'was significantly less firm than P.avium cv.'Heizhenzhu'.The difference in firmness is attributed to the degree of alteration in pectin,cellulose,and hemicellulose contents.In addition,comparative transcriptomic analyses identified GalAK-like and Stv1,two genes involved in pectin biosynthesis,which potentially caused the difference in firmness between'Zhuji Duanbing'and'Heizhenzhu'.Transient transformations of PpsGalAK-like and PpsStu1 increase protopectin content and thereby enhance fruit firmness.Our study lays a solid foundation for functional genomic studies and the enhancement of important horticultural traits in Chinese cherries.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    JrGA20ox1-transformed rootstocks deliver drought response signals to wild-type scions in grafted walnut

    Heqiang LouFengmin WangJiaqi ZhangGuangli Wei...
    209-222页
    查看更多>>摘要：Targeted regulation using transgrafting technology has become a trend.However,the mechanisms of transgene-derived signal communication between rootstocks and scions remain unclear in woody plants.Here,we grafted wild-type(WT)walnut(Juglans regia L.)on WT(WT/WT),JrGA20ox1(encodes a gibberellin 20-oxidase)-overexpressing(WT/OE),and JrGA20ox1-RNAi transformation(WT/RNAi)walnut in vitro.We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of JrGA20ox1-derived signal communication under PEG-simulated drought stress between rootstocks and scions in walnut.We demonstrated that JrGA20ox1-OE and JrGA20ox1-RNAi rootstocks could transport active gibberellins(GAs)and JrGA20ox1-RNAi vector-produced sRNAs to WT scions under PEG-simulated drought stress,respectively.The movement of sRNAs further led to a successive decline in JrGA20ox1 expression and active GA content.Meanwhile,unknown mobile signals may move between rootstocks and scions.These mobile signals reduced the expression of a series of GA-responsive and GA-non-responsive genes,and induced ROS production in guard cells and an increase in ABA content,which may contribute to the drought tolerance of WT/RNAi,while the opposite occurred in WT/OE.The findings suggest that JrGA20ox1-derived rootstock-to-scion movement of signals is involved in drought tolerance of scions.Our research will provide a feasible approach for studying signal communication in woody plants.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    New insights into the evolution and local adaptation of the genus Castanea in east Asia

    Xinghua NieYu ZhangShihui ChuWenjie Yu...
    223-237页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chestnut plants(Castanea)are important nut fruit trees worldwide.However,little is known regarding the genetic relationship and evolutionary history of different species within the genus.How modern chestnut plants have developed local adaptation to various climates remains a mystery.The genomic data showed that Castanea henryi first diverged in the Oligocene～31.56 million years ago,followed by Castanea mollissima,and the divergence between Castanea seguinii and Castanea crenata occurred in the mid-Miocene.Over the last 5 million years,the population of chestnut plants has continued to decline.A combination of selective sweep and environmental association studies was applied to investigate the genomic basis of chestnut adaptation to different climates.Twenty-two candidate genes were associated with temperature and precipitation.We also revealed the molecular mechanism by which CmTOE1 interacts with CmZFP8 and CmGIS3 to promote the formation of non-glandular trichomes for adaptation to low temperature and high altitudes.We found a significant expansion of CER1 genes in Chinese chestnut(C.mollissima)and verified the CmERF48 regulation of CmCER1.6 adaptation to drought environments.These results shed light on the East Asian chestnut plants as a monophyletic group that had completed interspecific differentiation in the Miocene,and provided candidate genes for future studies on adaptation to climate change in nut trees.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L module regulates resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in walnut

    Yutian MuYuhui DongXichen LiAndi Gong...
    238-248页
    查看更多>>摘要：Walnut anthracnose(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)reduces walnut yield and quality and seriously threatens the healthy development of the walnut industry.WRKY transcription factors(TFs)are crucial regulatory factors involved in plant-pathogen interactions.Our previous transcriptome analysis results indicate that JrWRKY4 responds to infection by C.gloeosporioides,but its specific regulatory network and disease resistance mechanism are still unclear.Herein,the characteristics of JrWRKY4 as a transcription activator located in the nucleus were first identified.Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses showed that JrWRKY4 could enhance walnut resistance against C.gloeosporioides.A series of molecular experiments showed that JrWRKY4 directly interacted with the promoter region of JrSTH2L and positively regulated its expression.In addition,JrWRKY4 interacted with JrVQ4 to form the protein complex,which inhibited JrWRKY4 for the activation of JrSTH2L.Notably,a MYB TF JrPHL8 interacting with the JrWRKY4 promoter has also been identified,which directly bound to the MBS element in the promoter of JrWRKY4 and induced its activity.Our study elucidated a novel mechanism of the JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L in regulating walnut resistance to anthracnose.This mechanism improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of WRKY TF mediated resistance to anthracnose in walnut,which provides new insights for molecular breeding of disease-resistant walnuts in the future.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Chloroplast protein StFC-Ⅱ was manipulated by a Phytophthora effector to enhance host susceptibility

    Meng XuXinyuan SunXinya WuYetong Qi...
    249-263页
    查看更多>>摘要：Oomycete secretes a range of RxLR effectors into host cells to manipulate plant immunity by targeting proteins from several organelles.In this study,we report that chloroplast protein StFC-Ⅱ is hijacked by a pathogen effector to enhance susceptibility.Phytophthora infestans RxLR effector Pi22922 is activated during the early stages of P.infestans colonization.Stable overexpression of Pi22922 in plants suppresses flg22-triggered reactive oxygen species(ROS)burst and enhances leaf colonization by P.infestans.A potato ferrochelatase 2(FC-Ⅱ,a nuclear-encoded chloroplast-targeted protein),a key enzyme for heme biosynthesis in chloroplast,was identified as a target of Pi22922 in the cytoplasm.The pathogenicity of Pi22922 in plants is partially dependent on FC-Ⅱ.Overexpression of StFC-Ⅱ decreases resistance of potato and Nicotiana benthamiana against P.infestans,and silencing of NbFC-Ⅱ in N.benthamiana reduces P.infestans colonization.Overexpression of StFC-Ⅱ increases heme content and reduces chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency in potato leaves.Moreover,ROS accumulation both in chloroplast and cytoplasm is attenuated and defense-related genes are down-regulated in StFC-Ⅱoverexpression transgenic potato and N.benthamiana leaves.Pi22922 inhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase StCHIP-mediated StFC-Ⅱ degradation in the cytoplasm and promotes its accumulation in chloroplasts.In summary,this study characterizes a new mechanism that an oomycete RxLR effector suppresses host defenses by promoting StFC-Ⅱ accumulation in chloroplasts,thereby compromising the host immunity and promoting susceptibility.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    MIKC type MADS-box transcription factor LcSVP2 is involved in dormancy regulation of the terminal buds in evergreen perennial litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

    Meng-Meng MaHui-Fen ZhangQi TianHui-Cong Wang...
    264-276页
    查看更多>>摘要：SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE(SVP),a member of the MADS-box transcription factor family,has been reported to regulate bud dormancy in deciduous perennial plants.Previously,three LcSVPs(LcSVP1,LcSVP2 and LcSVP3)were identified from litchi genome,and LcSVP2 was highly expressed in the terminal buds of litchi during growth cessation or dormancy stages and down-regulated during growth stages.In this study,the role of LcSVP2 in governing litchi bud dormancy was examined.LcSVP2 was highly expressed in the shoots,especially in the terminal buds at growth cessation stage,whereas low expression was showed in roots,female flowers and seeds.LcSVP2 was found to be located in the nucleus and have transcription inhibitory activity.Overexpression of LcSVP2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a later flowering phenotype compared to the wild-type control.Silencing LcSVP2 in growing litchi terminal buds delayed re-entry of dormancy,resulting in significantly lower dormancy rate.The treatment also significantly up-regulated litchi FLOWERING LOCUS T2(LcFT2).Further study indicates that LcSVP2 interacts with an AP2-type transcription factor,SMALL ORGAN SIZE1(LcSMOS1).Silencing LcSMOS1 promoted budbreak and delayed bud dormancy.Abscisic acid(200 mg/L),which enforced bud dormancy,induced a short-term increase in the expression of LcSVP2 and LcSMOS1.Our study reveals that LcSVP2 may play a crucial role,likely together with LcSMOS1,in dormancy onset of the terminal bud and may also serve as a flowering repressor in evergreen perennial litchi.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据