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中华医学遗传学杂志
四川大学
中华医学遗传学杂志

四川大学

张思仲

双月刊

1003-9406

cjmg@cma.org.cn

028-85501165

610041

四川省成都市人民南路三段17号(四川大学华西校区)

中华医学遗传学杂志/Journal Chinese Journal of Medical GeneticsCSCD北大核心CSTPCD
查看更多>>中华医学会主办,四川大学承办。本刊以报道我国医学遗传学、人类遗传学和相关领域的基础理论、技术方法等最新研究成果;以从事医学遗传学工作的各科临床医生、计划生育工作者、大专院校和科研单位有关人员为主要读者对象。设有述评、论著、技术与方法、综述、调查报告、遗传咨询、临床细胞遗传学、病例报告等栏目。 从1998年以来被美国《医学索引》(IM)、《化学文摘》(CA)、《工程索引》(EI)、ISI数据库的Biological Abstracts及BIOSIS Previews,波兰《哥白尼索引》(IC),荷兰《医学文摘》(EM)和俄罗斯《文摘杂志》(AJ)等国际著名检索系统收录。
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    cisAB09亚型一个家系的ABO血型血清学特征及分子遗传学分析

    王渊元杨芳年沈雨青郭玉嵩...
    750-755页
    查看更多>>摘要:目的 探讨1个cisAB09亚型家系的ABO血型血清学特征与分子遗传学机制。 方法 选取2022年2月2日于厦门大学附属中山医院输血科进行ABO血型鉴定的1个cisAB09亚型家系为研究对象。采用常规ABO血型血清学检测方法对先证者及其家系成员ABO血型进行鉴定,采用血浆A和B糖基转移酶活性测定方法测定先证者及其母亲血浆中A和B糖基转移酶活性强度,采用流式细胞术检测先证者红细胞表面A、B抗原表达情况。抽取先证者及其家系成员外周静脉血样,提取基因组DNA后,对ABO基因第1~7外显子及其侧翼内含子进行测序,并对先证者及其母亲和大女儿ABO基因第7外显子进行Sanger测序验证。 结果 常规ABO血型血清学检测结果提示,先证者及其母亲和大女儿ABO血型初步判断为A2B表型,先证者妻子及其小女儿为O型。血浆A和B糖基转移酶活性测定结果提示,先证者及其母亲B糖基转移酶活性滴度分别为32、256,分别较A1B表型阳性对照活性滴度(128)低与高。流式细胞术检测结果显示,先证者红细胞表面A抗原表达数量减少,B抗原表达数量未见异常。ABO基因测序结果显示,先证者及其母亲和大女儿在ABO*B.01等位基因基础上,第7外显子发生c.796A>G变异,导致B糖基转移酶第266位氨基酸由甲硫氨酸变为缬氨酸,符合ABO*cisAB.09等位基因的特征。先证者及其大女儿ABO基因型为ABO*cisAB.09/ABO*O.01.01,先证者母亲为ABO*cisAB.09/ABO*B.01,先证者妻子及其小女儿为ABO*O.01.01/ABO*O.01.01。 结论 ABO*B.01等位基因c.796A>G变异导致B糖基转移酶第266位甲硫氨酸变为缬氨酸,是产生cisAB09亚型的分子遗传学基础,ABO*cisAB.09等位基因编码的糖基转移酶,可在红细胞表面合成正常水平B抗原和较低水平A抗原。 Objective To explore the serological characteristics of ABO blood group and molecular genetic mechanism for a Chinese pedigree with cisAB09 subtype. Methods A pedigree undergoing ABO blood group examination at the Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University on February 2, 2022 was selected as the study subjects. Serological assay was carried out to determine the ABO blood group of the proband and his family members. Activities of A and B glycosyltransferases in the plasma of the proband and his mother were measured with an enzymatic assay. Expression of A and B antigens on the red blood cells of the proband was analyzed by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood samples of the proband and his family members were collected. Following extraction of genomic DNA, exons 1 to 7 of the ABO gene and their flanking introns were sequenced, and Sanger sequencing of exon 7 was carried out for the proband, his elder daughter and mother. Results The results of serological assay suggested that the proband and his elder daughter and mother had an A2B phenotype, whilst his wife and younger daughter had an O phenotype. Measurement of plasma A and B glycosyltransferase activity suggested that the titers of B-glycosyltransferase activity were 32 and 256 for the proband and his mother, which were respectively below and above that of A1B phenotype-positive controls (128). Flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression of A antigen on the red blood cell surface of the proband has decreased, whilst the expression of B antigen was normal. Genetic sequencing confirmed that, in addition to an ABO*B.01 allele, the proband, his elder daughter and mother have harbored a c. 796A>G variant in exon 7, which has resulted in substitution of the methionine at 266th position of the B-glycosyltransferase by valine and conformed to the characteristics ofABO*cisAB.09 allele. The genotypes of the proband and his elder daughter were determined as ABO*cisAB.09/ABO*O.01.01, his mother was ABO*cisAB.09/ABO*B.01, and his wife and younger daughter were ABO*O.01.01/ABO*O.01.01. Conclusion The c. 796A>G variant of theABO*B.01 allele has resulted in an amino acid substitution p. Met266Val, which probably underlay the cisAB09 subtype. The ABO*cisA B. 09 allele encodes a special glycosyltransferase which can synthesize normal level of B antigen and low level of A antigen on the red blood cells.

    ABO血型系统CisAB亚型糖基转移酶流式细胞术等位基因

    内质网应激与遗传性癫痫的研究进展

    姜骁航隋艺张佳琦易彤...
    756-761页
    查看更多>>摘要:癫痫是一组以反复痫性发作,即神经元异常同步放电,导致短暂性大脑功能障碍为特征的慢性疾病,其发病与多种机制有关。近年来,内质网应激逐渐被认识为癫痫发生的新的病理生理学机制。内质网应激通过未折叠蛋白反应,提升内质网的蛋白质加工能力,抑制蛋白质翻译,促进错误折叠蛋白质经由泛素-蛋白酶体系统降解,旨在恢复蛋白质稳态,而持续性内质网应激则可能导致神经元细胞凋亡和丢失,加剧脑损伤和癫痫。本文对内质网应激与遗传性癫痫的发病机制的研究进展进行了综述。 Epilepsies are a group of chronic neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures caused by abnormal synchronous firing of neurons and transient brain dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms are complex and not yet fully understood. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as a condition of excessive accumulation of unfolded and/or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, has been considered as a pathophysiological mechanism of epilepsy in recent years. ER stress can enhance the protein processing capacity of the ER to restore protein homeostasis through unfolded protein response, which may inhibit protein translation and promote misfolded protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, persistent ER stress can also cause neuronal apoptosis and loss, which may aggravate the brain damage and epilepsy. This review has summarized the role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of genetic epilepsy.

    内质网应激未折叠蛋白反应泛素-蛋白酶体系统癫痫

    46,XY性别逆转的完全性雄激素不敏感综合征1例

    张苗苗陆欣然黄道奇唐俊湘...
    762-763页
    查看更多>>摘要:女,年龄为27岁,未婚,因"先天性无子宫"于2021年6月28日来安徽医科大学附属妇幼保健院就诊。病史采集:2014年患者因原发闭经就诊于当地医院,超声检查提示先天性无子宫。患者外观为女性,平素身体健康,无高血压等特殊疾病史。体格检查:生命体征平稳,无喉结,乳房发育饱满,腋毛稀疏;外阴呈已婚式,无阴毛;阴道通畅,分泌物量中等,呈乳白色,无味,顶端为盲端;内诊未触及明显子宫,左侧可触及4 cm × 2 cm包块。盆腔彩色多普勒超声检查阴道上端未探及明显的子宫图像,盆腔左侧见34 mm × 27 mm × 28 mm的不均质回声,内见条索状血流信号,其内侧见28 mm × 48 mm × 25 mm的无回声,边界清,形态不规则;盆腔右侧见22 mm × 24 mm × 29 mm的不均质回声,内见条索状血流信号,其内侧见32 mm × 2 mm × 12 mm的无回声,边界清,形态不规则;提示先天性无子宫,盆腔双侧隐睾,双侧囊性包块(图1)。性激素六项及抗缪勒管激素检测结果提示,患者的雌激素水平显著高于正常男性,黄体生成素、睾酮和抗缪勒管激素水平较高(表1)。Y染色体微缺失检测患者AZFa、AZFb及AZFc的6个区域均扩增成功(表2)。染色体G显带分析患者核型为46,XY(图2)。全外显子组测序显示患者AR基因第1外显子存在c.1305G>A(p.Trp435*)半合子变异(图3)。本研究通过了本院医学伦理委员会的审查(2020yb008),患者签署了知情同意书。

    4q21.21q21.23缺失综合征1例

    王高伟李莹莹张小慢张耀东...
    764-765页
    查看更多>>摘要:女,生后50 d,因在外院诊断为"新生儿肺炎、房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭、肢体畸形"于2020年9月转入河南省儿童医院郑州儿童医院,后诊断为"室间隔缺损、中央型房间隔缺损(卵圆孔型)、中度肺动脉高压、肺炎、新生儿胃食管反流"。患儿出生后不久出现皮肤青紫伴阵发性气促、食奶差、哭声减弱等表现,心脏彩色多普勒超声提示房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、肺动脉瓣及三尖瓣关闭不全,具有哭声低、偶有憋喘、吐/溢奶等表现。发病以来,患儿精神反应欠佳,无药物过敏史。患儿系G3P2,孕40+1周经剖宫产娩出,出生体质量为2.7 kg。其父母系非近亲结婚,其母亲孕期体健,有自然流产病史,否认家族遗传病史。患儿有1个6岁姐姐,体健。入院体格检查:体质量为3.0 kg,神清,精神反应欠佳,全身皮肤黏膜无皮疹、黄染及出血点,前额、背部及四肢可见较多黑色毛发,呼吸平稳,双肺呼吸音粗,心前区可闻及3/6级收缩期杂音,腹软,肝脾肋下未触及,肠鸣音正常,脊柱、四肢未见异常,前囟3 cm × 3 cm。基因检测:全外显子组测序结果显示,患儿染色体4q21.21q21.23区存在3.7 Mb缺失,涉及基因见图1,其父母检测均未见异常。患儿于本院接受了"室间隔缺损修补术+卵圆孔未闭修补术",术后恢复良好,予以出院。患儿1岁时复诊:体质量为8.12 kg,身高为65 cm,头围为42 cm,会扶站,不会爬、扶走与说再见,精神可,前囟大小为5 cm × 5 cm,心、肺无异常。患儿2岁时电话回访:体质量为10 kg,身高为82 cm,四肢可视畸形,不能独立行走,可扶走,能抓握,会逗笑,语言表达不清,运动和语言发育均落后于同龄人,前囟未闭(大小不详),视力正常。本研究通过了本院伦理委员会的审查(2022-K-069),患儿父母均签署了临床研究知情同意书。

    以婴儿痉挛症为主要表现的AUTS2综合征1例

    陈嘉蕾邓佳胡文广李思秀...
    765-766页
    查看更多>>摘要:男,7个月17 d龄,2022年1月5日因"反复惊厥3周"就诊于成都市妇女儿童中心医院。患儿惊厥表现为点头、哈腰,伴四肢抱球样动作,成串发作。患儿起病后出现发育倒退,不能抬头、独坐,与他人缺乏眼神交流。患儿系G2P2,足月娩出,生后发现腭裂。父母系非近亲结婚,否认家族遗传史及患儿窒息病史。入院体格检查:体质量为8.5 kg,身长为69 cm,头围为48 cm;高眉弓,宽眼距,眼裂小,眼裂下斜,宽鼻梁,短人中,小下颌,低耳位,上颚缺如1/3,右手可见通贯掌,四肢肌力正常,肌张力低,深浅反射正常,病理征及脑膜刺激征呈阴性。辅助检查:血生化、血氨、血乳酸、甲状腺功能、血尿代谢及染色体核型分析未见异常。视频脑电图检查提示醒睡周期呈间断高度失律,监测到多次癫痫性痉挛发作(图1)。头颅MRI提示双侧侧脑室、三脑室明显增宽,额部脑外间隙增宽,脑白质容量少,胼胝体薄(图2)。患儿在《Bayley婴幼儿发育量表》的智力量表及运动量表指数均<50,属于发育迟滞。患儿拟诊为婴儿痉挛症,建议行基因检测进一步诊断。本研究通过成都市妇女儿童中心医院伦理委员会审查[2022(78)],并与患儿监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。

    母源性平衡易位致14号染色体长臂部分三体伴父源性罗氏易位胎儿1例

    江淼代鹏孔祥东鞠翠钰...
    767页
    查看更多>>摘要:年龄为34岁,G5P0,因"孕17周血清学筛查提示21三体临界风险,超声检查未见胎儿异常"于2020年5月13日至我院就诊。曾于孕70+ d发生胚胎停育3次,孕40+ d发生自然流产1次,流产物均未进行检测。夫妇双方表型及智力均正常,否认近亲结婚与家族遗传病史。外周血染色体分析孕妇核型为46,XX,t(10;14)(q26.3;q32.1)(图1A),其丈夫为45,XY,rob(13;14)(q10;q10)(图1B)。孕18周时通过羊膜腔穿刺术采集胎儿羊水进行染色体核型分析,结果为45,X?,der(10),t(10;14)(q26.3;q32.1)mat,rob(13;14)(q10;q10)pat(图1C),提示胎儿10号染色体长臂的衍生片段源自14号染色体q32.11q32.33片段的重复;拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq)结果为14q32.11q32.33(90280000_107300000)×3,提示胎儿染色体14q32.11q32.33区存在17.02 Mb重复(图2)。本研究通过了医院医学伦理委员会的审查(KS-2018-KY-36),夫妇双方均签署了临床研究知情同意书。

    原发性卵巢功能不全患者1例的遗传学分析

    王杜娟王刚李琳鞠翠钰...
    768页
    查看更多>>摘要:女,年龄为20岁,因"原发闭经"于2021年1月至我院就诊。患者无外伤与手术史,无长期服药史。其父母已结婚23年,生育1女1子,母亲自述月经规律,无异常孕产史;其弟13岁,表型正常。体格检查:身高172 cm,体质量60 kg;乳房Tanner Ⅲ级,外阴发育正常,阴毛稀少,棉棒探及阴道深约4 cm。彩色多普勒超声检查:始基子宫,双卵巢条索状。血清性激素和促性腺激素检测(括号内为正常参考值):垂体催乳素0.31 nmol/L(0.08 ~ 1.00 nmol/L),孕酮7.0 nmol/L(10.2 ~ 63.6 nmol/L),雌二醇<43.3 pmol/L(124.8 ~ 1 468.0 pmol/L),卵泡生成素64.19 U/L(2.8 ~ 14.4 U/L),促黄体生成素14.07 U/L(1.1 ~ 11.6 U/L),睾酮0.74 nmol/L(2.18 ~ 4.15 nmol/L)。细胞遗传学检查:染色体核型分析结果为46,X,Xq+?(图1);染色体微阵列分析(chromosomal microarray analysis,CMA)结果为arr[hg19]Xq21.33q28(95807392_155233098)×1与arr[hg19]4q22.2q35.2(93784020_190957460)×3,提示X染色体存在59.4 Mb片段缺失,4号染色体存在97.2 Mb片段重复(图2);结合核型与CMA结果,患者染色体核型更正为46,X,der(X)t(X;4)(q21.33;q22.2);患者父母染色体核型均未见异常。