查看更多>>摘要：前脑无裂畸形是人类常见的前脑畸形，其年患病率在我国呈上升趋势。目前病因仍不明确，临床表现异质性较大，对其诊断、治疗具有挑战性。该文对前脑无裂畸形的病因、临床表现、影像学和遗传学诊断以及内外科治疗进展等方面进行总结和阐述，以便加强医务人员对此类疾病的认识，及早诊断、治疗前脑无裂畸形患者。 Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a prevalent malformation of the human forebrain, with an increasing annual prevalence in China. Its etiology remains unclear, and its diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. This article summarizes and expounds the etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging and genetic diagnosis, as well as medical and surgical treatment of HPE. The aim is to enhance medical personnels’ understanding of this disease, and to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of patients with HPE.
查看更多>>摘要：青春期身高的增长受多种因素的影响，其中性激素的作用尤为重要。青春期的身高增长约占成年后最终身高的20%。既往认为由于性激素的紊乱，性发育异常患者的最终身高受损。但性发育异常的分类及亚型较多，不同亚型的性发育异常患者的生长模式也不尽相同。该文就青春期骨骼生长、性激素对青春期骨骼生长的影响、常见性发育异常患者的性激素谱和生长模式以及生长激素的治疗效果进行了阐述。 The growth of puberty height is affected by many factors, among which the role of sex hormones is particularly important. The height increase in puberty accounts for about 20% of the final height in adulthood. It was previously believed that the final height of patients with disorders of sexual development was impaired due to the disorder of sex hormones. However, there are more classifications and subtypes of disorders of sexual development, and the growth patterns of patients with different subtypes of disorders of sexual development are also different. This article briefly reviews puberty bone growth, the effect of sex hormones on puberty bones, the sex hormone spectrum and growth pattern of patients with common disorders of sexual development, and the effect of growth hormone therapy.
查看更多>>摘要：周围神经损伤是临床常见疾病。传统的治疗方法包括药物治疗、显微外科缝合及自体神经移植等，药物治疗因局部药物浓度所限而治疗效果不佳，外科手段受限于神经缺损长度、自体神经供区有限而影响治疗，且手术治疗仍属于组织层面的修复。随着组织工程和干细胞研究的进展，组织工程结合干细胞的神经再生修复疗法已成为目前的研究热点。该文就周围神经损伤的修复过程、脂肪干细胞在周围神经损伤中的修复机制及近5年来基于脂肪干细胞应用的周围神经损伤后修复的研究进展予以综述。 Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical disease. Traditional treatments include drug therapy, microsurgery and autologous nerve transplantation. Drug therapy is not effective due to the poor con-centration of local drugs. Surgical method are limited by the length of the nerve defect and the lack of nerve donor sites. In addition, surgery is still tissue repair. With the progress of tissue engineering and stem cell research, tissue engineering combined with stem cells for nerve regeneration and repair has become a current research hotspot. Therefore, this paper reviews the process of peripheral nerve repair after injury, the mechanism and the progress of peripheral nerve repair based on adipose stem cells in the past five years.
查看更多>>摘要：牙槽突裂是胚胎发育时额鼻突发育不良导致的先天性颅面畸形，导致患者牙槽骨缺损等多种问题，治疗以牙槽突裂植骨术为主。该文从牙槽突裂的不同治疗时机、移植骨材料、手术方式3个方面来分析各自的优缺点及对牙槽突裂修复的影响，并对不同的评价标准评价牙槽突裂修复的效果进行综述。 Alveolar cleft is a congenital craniofacial malformation caused by frontonasal process dysplasia during embryonic development, which leads to alveolar bone defects in patients. The main treatment was alveolar cleft bone grafting. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment time, bone graft materials and surgical methods of alveolar cleft were analyzed. And their influence on the restoration of alveolar cleft was reviewed from different evaluation criteria.
查看更多>>摘要：如何促进创面愈合是外科医生经常面临的临床问题，目前已有多种修复方法及材料可供临床选择，随着组织工程学、再生医学及材料学等学科的不断发展，有关创面修复材料的研究进展迅速。该文将对创面修复材料的分类、优缺点及其制备工艺的最新进展进行整理，进一步讨论了创面修复材料当前面临的挑战及未来研究方向，以期为创面修复的相关研究提供参考。 Promoting wound healing is a common clinical challenge faced by surgeons, with a variety of repair method and materials currently available for clinical use. In recent years, with the continuous development of disciplines such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and materials science, research on wound repair materials has progressed rapidly. This article will organize the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and the latest advancements in the preparation processes of wound repair materials. It will also discuss the current challenges faced by wound repair materials and future research directions, with the aim of providing a reference for related studies in wound repair.
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