查看更多>>摘要：Optical imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ;900-1880 nm)window is currently a popular research topic in the field of biomedical imaging.This study aimed to explore the application value of NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging in foot and ankle surgeries.A lab-established NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence surgical navigation system was developed and used to navigate foot and ankle surgeries which enabled obtaining more high-spatial-frequency information and a higher signal-to-background ratio(SBR)in NIR-Ⅱ fluores-cence images compared to NIR-Ⅰ fluorescence images;our result demonstrates that NIR-Ⅱ imaging could provide higher-contrast and larger-depth images to surgeons.Three types of clinical application scenar-ios(diabetic foot,calcaneal fracture,and lower extremity trauma)were included in this study.Using the NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging technique,we observed the ischemic region in the diabetic foot before mor-phological alterations,accurately determined the boundary of the ischemic region in the surgical incision,and fully assessed the blood supply condition of the flap.NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging can help surgeons precisely judge surgical margins,detect ischemic lesions early,and dynamically trace the perfusion pro-cess.We believe that portable and reliable NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging equipment and additional func-tional fluorescent probes can play crucial roles in precision surgery.
查看更多>>摘要：This paper introduces a systems theory-driven framework to integration artificial intelligence(AI)into traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)research,enhancing the understanding of TCM's holistic material basis while adhering to evidence-based principles.Utilizing the System Function Decoding Model(SFDM),the research progresses through define,quantify,infer,and validate phases to systematically explore TCM's material basis.It employs a dual analytical approach that combines top-down,systems theory-guided perspectives with bottom-up,elements-structure-function methodologies,provides com-prehensive insights into TCM's holistic material basis.Moreover,the research examines AI's role in quan-titative assessment and predictive analysis of TCM's material components,proposing two specific AI-driven technical applications.This interdisciplinary effort underscores AI's potential to enhance our understanding of TCM's holistic material basis and establishes a foundation for future research at the intersection of traditional wisdom and modern technology.
查看更多>>摘要：The prevalence of metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is alarmingly high;it is estimated to affect up to a quarter of the global population,making it the most common liver disorder worldwide.MASLD is characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation and is commonly associated with comorbidities such as obesity,dyslipidemia,and insulin resistance;however,it can also manifest in lean individuals.Therefore,it is crucial to develop effective therapies for this complex condition.Currently,there are no approved medications for MASLD treatment,so there is a pressing need to inves-tigate alternative approaches.Extensive research has characterized MASLD as a multifaceted disease,fre-quently linked to metabolic disorders that stem from dietary habits.Evidence suggests that changes in the gut microbiome play a fundamental role in the development and progression of MASLD from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and even hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this review,we critically examine the literature on the emerging field of gut-microbiota-based therapies for MASLD and metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH),including interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),probiotics,prebiotics,short-chain fatty acids,antibiotics,metabolic pathway targeting,and immune checkpoint kinase blockade.
查看更多>>摘要：Lianhua Qingke tablets,a patented traditional Chinese medicine that has validated clinical efficacy for treating cough caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection,lack rigorous evidence-based research evaluating their effect on long coronavirus disease(COVID)cough.A random-ized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical study was conducted among patients with long COVID cough from 19 hospitals and 23 community health centers in China.Patients were random-ized 1:1 to receive either Lianhua Qingke tablets or placebo orally for 14 days(four tablets,1.84 g,three times a day).The primary endpoint indicator was the disappearance of cough,with the remission of cough also considered.Among 482 randomized patients,480(full analysis set 480;per-protocol set 470;safety set 480)were included in the primary analysis.According to the full analysis,the time until cough disappearance was significantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group,with a signifi-cant increase in the 14-day cough disappearance rate.Accordingly,the time to cough remission was sig-nificantly shorter in the trial group than in the control group.The change in the total symptom score was significantly greater in the trial group than in the control group on days 7 and 14,consistent with the results indicated by the visual analog scale(VAS)and cough evaluation test(CET)scores.No serious adverse events were recorded during the study.Lianhua Qingke tablets significantly improved the clinical symptoms of patients with long COVID cough.
查看更多>>摘要：Wastewater surveillance(WWS)can leverage its wide coverage,population-based sampling,and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical surveillance.Here we conducted a nine months daily WWS for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)from 12 wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),covering approximately 80％of the population,to monitor infection dynamics in Hong Kong,China.We found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus concentration in wastewater was correlated with the daily number of reported cases and reached two pandemic peaks three days earlier during the study period.In addition,two different methods were established to esti-mate the prevalence/incidence rates from wastewater measurements.The estimated results from wastewater were consistent with findings from two independent citywide clinical surveillance pro-grammes(rapid antigen test(RAT)surveillance and serology surveillance),but higher than the cases number reported by the Centre for Health Protection(CHP)of Hong Kong,China.Moreover,the effective reproductive number(Rt)was estimated from wastewater measurements to reflect both citywide and regional transmission dynamics.Our findings demonstrate that large-scale intensive WWS from WWTPs provides cost-effective and timely public health information,especially when the clinical surveil-lance is inadequate and costly.This approach also provides insights into pandemic dynamics at higher spatiotemporal resolutions,facilitating the formulation of effective control policies and targeted resource allocation.
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