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科学通报（英文版）
科学通报（英文版）

周光召

旬刊

1001-6538

csb@scichina.com

010-64036120

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

科学通报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Science BulletinEISCI
查看更多>>《科学通报》创刊于1950年，是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社承办的自然科学综合性学术刊物，报道自然科学各学科基础理论和应用研究方面具有创新性和和高水平的、具有重要意义的最新研究成果，要求文章的可读性强，能在一个比较宽范的学术领域产生深刻的影响。我们的目标是：成为国内外读者了解中国乃至世界范围的自然科学各研究领域最新成果的主要窗口之一。《科学通报》进入了国际上主要检索系统，如CA，EI，日本《科技速报》和美国科学信息研究所（ISI）的以下系统：Science Citation Index(SCI-CDE)，SCISearch，Current Contents(PC&E)和Research Alert。
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    Polarization-dependent photoinduced metal-insulator transitions in manganites

    Lina DengWeiye ZhangHanxuan LinLifen Xiang...
    183-189页
    查看更多>>摘要：In correlated oxides,collaborative manipulation on light intensity,wavelength,pulse duration and polar-ization has yielded many exotic discoveries,such as phase transitions and novel quantum states.In view of potential optoelectronic applications,tailoring long-lived static properties by light-induced effects is highly desirable.So far,the polarization state of light has rarely been reported as a control parameter for this purpose.Here,we report polarization-dependent metal-to-insulator transition(MIT)in phase-separated manganite thin films,introducing a new degree of freedom to control static MIT.Specifically,we observed giant photoinduced resistance jumps with striking features:(1)a single resis-tancejump occurs upon a linearly polarized light incident with a chosen polarization angle,and a second resistance jump occurs when the polarization angle changes;(2)the amplitude of the second resistance jump depends sensitively on the actual change of the polarization angles.Linear transmittance measure-ments reveal that the origin of the above phenomena is closely related to the coexistence of anisotropic micro-domains.Our results represent a first step to utilize light polarization as an active knob to manip-ulate static phase transitions,pointing towards new pathways for nonvolatile optoelectronic devices and sensors.
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    Emergent symmetry in quantum phase transition:From deconfined quantum critical point to gapless quantum spin liquid

    Wen-Yuan LiuShou-Shu GongWei-Qiang ChenZheng-Cheng Gu...
    190-196页
    查看更多>>摘要：The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics,raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase transi-tions.Here we unveil the behaviour of emergent symmetry involving two extraordinarily representative phenomena,i.e.,the deconfined quantum critical point(DQCP)and the quantum spin liquid(QSL)state.Via large-scale tensor network simulations,we study a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 square-lattice frus-trated antiferromagnetic(AFM)model,namely the J1x-J1y-J2 model,which contains anisotropic nearest-neighbor couplings J1x,J1y and the next nearest neighbor coupling J2.For small J1y/J1x,by tuning J2,a direct continuous transition between the AFM and valence bond solid phase is observed.With growing J1y/J1x,a gapless QSL phase gradually emerges between the AFM and VBS phases.We observe an emer-gent O(4)symmetry along the AFM-VBS transition line,which is consistent with the prediction of DQCP theory.Most surprisingly,we find that such an emergent O(4)symmetry holds for the whole QSL-VBS transition line as well.These findings reveal the intrinsic relationship between the QSL and DQCP from categorical symmetry point of view,and strongly constrain the quantum field theory descrip-tion of the QSL phase.The phase diagram and critical exponents presented in this paper are of direct rel-evance to future experiments on frustrated magnets and cold atom systems.
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    Polysulfide regulation by defect-modulated Ta3N5-x electrocatalyst toward superior room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries

    Zhen ZhangDan LuoJun ChenChuyin Ma...
    197-208页
    查看更多>>摘要：Resolving low sulfur reaction activity and severe polysulfide dissolution remains challenging in metal-sulfur batteries.Motivated by a theoretical prediction,herein,we strategically propose nitrogen-vacancy tantalum nitride(Ta3N5-x)impregnated inside the interconnected nanopores of nitrogen-decorated carbon matrix as a new electrocatalyst for regulating sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries.Through a pore-constriction mechanism,the nitrogen vacancies are controllably constructed during the nucleation of Ta3N5-x.The defect manipulation on the local envi-ronment enables well-regulated Ta 5d-orbital energy level,not only modulating band structure toward enhanced intrinsic conductivity of Ta-based materials,but also promoting polysulfide stabilization and achieving bifunctional catalytic capability toward completely reversible polysulfide conversion.Moreover,the interconnected continuous Ta3N5-x-in-pore structure facilitates electron and sodium-ion transport and accommodates volume expansion of sulfur species while suppressing their shuttle behav-ior.Due to these attributes,the as-developed Ta3N5-x-based electrode achieves superior rate capability of 730 mAh g-1 at 3.35 A g-1,long-term cycling stability over 2000 cycles,and high areal capacity over 6 mAh cm-2 under high sulfur loading of 6.2 mg cm-2.This work not only presents a new sulfur electro-catalyst candidate for metal-sulfur batteries,but also sheds light on the controllable material design of defect structure in hopes of inspiring new ideas and directions for future research.
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    Crosslinked solubilizer enables nitrate-enriched carbonate polymer electrolytes for stable,high-voltage lithium metal batteries

    Chuyang JingKuan DaiDong LiuWenran Wang...
    209-217页
    查看更多>>摘要：High-voltage lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have been considered promising next-generation high-energy-density batteries.However,commercial carbonate electrolytes can scarcely be employed in LMBs owing to their poor compatibility with metallic lithium.N,N-dimethylacrylamide(DMAA)-a crosslinkable solubilizer with a high Gutmann donor number-is employed to facilitate the dissolution of insoluble lithium nitrate(LiNO3)in carbonate-based electrolytes and to form gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)through in situ polymerization.The Li+solvation structure of the GPEs is regulated using LiNO3 and DMAA,which suppresses the decomposition of LiPF6 and facilitates the formation of an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface.Consequently,the Coulombic efficiency(CE)of the Li‖Cu cell assembled with a GPE increases to 98.5％at room temperature,and the high-voltage Li‖NCM622 cell achieves a capacity retention of 80.1％with a high CE of 99.5％after 400 cycles.The bifunctional polymer electrolytes are anticipated to pave the way for next-generation high-voltage LMBs.
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    Protein-activated atomic layer deposition for robust crude-oil-repellent hierarchical nano-armored membranes

    Xiaobin YangPan SunYajie WenAnil U.Mane...
    218-226页
    查看更多>>摘要：Atomic layer deposition(ALD)offers unique capabilities to fabricate atomically engineered porous mate-rials with precise pore tuning and multi-functionalization for diverse applications like advanced mem-brane separations towards sustainable energy-water systems.However,current ALD technique is inhibited on most non-polar polymeric membranes due to lack of accessible nucleation sites.Here,we report a facile method to efficiently promote ALD coating on hydrophobic surface of polymeric mem-branes via novel protein activation/sensitization.As a proof of concept,TiO2 ALD-coated membranes acti-vated by bovine serum albumin exhibit remarkable superhydrophilicity,ultralow underwater crude oil adhesion,and robust tolerance to rigorous environments including acid,alkali,saline,and ethanol.Most importantly,excellent cyclable crude oil-in-water emulsion separation performance can be achieved.The mechanism for activation/sensitization is rooted in reactivity for a particular set of amino acids.Furthermore,the universality of protein-sensitized ALD is demonstrated using common egg white,promising numerous potential usages in biomedical engineering,environmental remediation,low-carbon manufacturing,catalysis,and beyond.
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    Wear-resistant CoCrNi multi-principal element alloy at cryogenic temperature

    Yue RenQing ZhouDongpeng HuaZhuobin Huang...
    227-236页
    查看更多>>摘要：Traditional high strength engineering alloys suffer from serious surface brittleness and inferior wear per-formance when servicing under sliding contact at cryogenic temperature.Here,we report that the recently emerging CoCrNi multi-principal element alloy defies this trend and presents dramatically enhanced wear resistance when temperature decreases from 273 to 153 K,surpassing those of cryogenic austenitic steels.The temperature-dependent structure characteristics and deformation mechanisms influencing the cryogenic wear resistance of CoCrNi are clarified through microscopic observation and atomistic simulation.It is found that sliding-induced subsurface structures show distinct scenarios at dif-ferent deformation temperatures.At cryogenic condition,significant grain refinement and a deep plastic zone give rise to an extended microstructural gradient below the surface,which can accommodate mas-sive sliding deformation,in direct contrast to the strain localization and delamination at 273 K.Meanwhile,the temperature-dependent cryogenic deformation mechanisms(stacking fault networks and phase transformation)also provide additional strengthening and toughening of the subsurface mate-rial.These features make the CoCrNi alloy particularly wear resistant at cryogenic conditions and an excellent candidate for safety-critical applications.
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    Exploring changes of precipitation extremes under climate change through global variable-resolution modeling

    Wei SunJian LiRucong YuNina Li...
    237-247页
    查看更多>>摘要：Understanding the responses of precipitation extremes to global climate change remains limited owing to their poor representations in models and complicated interactions with multi-scale systems.Here we take the record-breaking precipitation over China in 2021 as an example,and study its changes under three different climate scenarios through a developed pseudo-global-warming(PGW)experimental framework with 60-3 km variable-resolution global ensemble modeling.Compared to the present cli-mate,the precipitation extreme under a warmer(cooler)climate increased(decreased)in intensity,cov-erage,and total amount at a range of 24.3％-37.8％(18.7％-56.1％).With the help of the proposed PGW experimental framework,we further reveal the impacts of the multi-scale system interactions in climate change on the precipitation extreme.Under the warmer climate,large-scale water vapor transport con-verged from double typhoons and the subtropical high marched into central China,enhancing the con-vective energy and instability on the leading edge of the transport belt.As a result,the mesoscale convective system(MCS)that directly contributed to the precipitation extreme became stronger than that in the present climate.On the contrary,the cooler climate displayed opposite changing characteris-tics relative to the warmer climate,ranging from the large-scale systems to local environments and to the MCS.In summary,our study provides a promising approach to scientifically assess the response of pre-cipitation extremes to climate change,making it feasible to perform ensemble simulations while inves-tigating the multi-scale system interactions over the globe.
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    Engineered stem cells by emerging biomedical stratagems

    Jinglin WangXiaoxuan ZhangHanxu ChenHaozhen Ren...
    248-279页
    查看更多>>摘要：Stem cell therapy holds immense potential as a viable treatment for a widespread range of intractable disorders.As the safety of stem cell transplantation having been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials,various kinds of stem cells are currently utilized in medical applications.Despite the achievements,the therapeutic benefits of stem cells for diseases are limited,and the data of clinical researches are unstable.To optimize tthe effectiveness of stem cells,engineering approaches have been developed to enhance their inherent abilities and impart them with new functionalities,paving the way for the next generation of stem cell therapies.This review offers a detailed analysis of engineered stem cells,including their clin-ical applications and potential for future development.We begin by briefly introducing the recent advances in the production of stem cells(induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),embryonic stem cells(ESCs),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)).Furthermore,we present the latest developments of engineered strategies in stem cells,including engineered methods in molec-ular biology and biomaterial fields,and their application in biomedical research.Finally,we summarize the current obstacles and suggest future prospects for engineered stem cells in clinical translations and biomedical applications.
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