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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)
中国科学技术协会
畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)

中国科学技术协会

李德发

季刊

1674-9782

zgxm@cau.edu.cn;xmzz@cau.edu.cn

010-62734403/2723

100193

中国农业大学西校区动物科技学院Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology编辑部

畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)/Journal Journal of Animal Science and BiotechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>定位为国内外公开发行的专业学术期刊，宗旨是立足国内，面向国际，为国内外畜牧科技工作者提供国际化学术共享的园地，促进我国与国际上其他国家在畜牧科学领域的交流；让中国畜牧科技走向世界，让世界了解中国畜牧科技。
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    Extracellular vesicles-coupled miRNAs from oviduct and uterus modulate signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and bovine early embryo development

    Rosane MazzarellaKarina Ca?ón-BeltránYulia N.CajasMeriem Hamdi...
    1528-1549页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Extracellular vesicles(EVs)present in oviductal(OF)and uterine fluid(UF)have been shown to enhance bovine embryo quality during in vitro culture by reducing lipid contents and modulating lipid metabolism-related genes(LMGs),while also influencing cell proliferation,suggesting their involvement on the regulation of different biological pathways.The regulation of signaling pathways related to cell differentiation,proliferation,and metabo-lism is crucial for early embryo development and can determine the success or failure of the pregnancy.Bioactive molecules within EVs in maternal reproductive fluids,such as microRNAs(miRNAs),may contribute to this regulatory process as they modulate gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms.Results This study evaluated miRNA cargo in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from the mid-luteal phase,coinciding with embryo transit within oviduct and uterus in vivo,and its possible influence on LMGs and sign-aling pathways crucial for early embryo development.A total of 333 miRNAs were detected,with 11 exclusive to OF,59 to UF,and 263 were common between both groups.From the 20 differentially expressed miRNAs,19 up-regulated in UF-EVs(bta-miR-134,bta-miR-151-3p,bta-miR-155,bta-miR-188,bta-miR-181b,bta-miR-181 d,bta-miR-224,bta-miR-23b-3p,bta-miR-24-3p,bta-miR-27a-3p,bta-miR-29a,bta-miR-324,bta-miR-326,bta-miR-345-3p,bta-miR-410,bta-miR-652,bta-miR-677,bta-miR-873 and bta-miR-708)and one(bta-miR-148b)in OF-EVs.These miRNAs were predicted to modulate several pathways such as Wnt,Hippo,MAPK,and lipid metabolism and degradation.Differ-ences in miRNAs found in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from mid-luteal phase may reflect differ-ent environments to meet the changing needs of the embryo.Additionally,miRNAs may be involved,particularly in the uterus,in the regulation of embryo lipid metabolism,immune system,and implantation.Conclusions Our study suggests that miRNAs within OF-and UF-EVs could modulate bovine embryo development and quality,providing insights into the intricate maternal-embryonic communication that might be involved in mod-ulating lipid metabolism,immune response,and implantation during early pregnancy.
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    Sperm function,mitochondrial activity and in vivo fertility are associated to their mitochondrial DNA content in pigs

    Marc LlavaneraYentel Mateo-OteroEstel Vi?olas-VergésSergi Bonet...
    1550-1558页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Despite their low abundance in sperm,mitochondria have diverse functions in this cell type,includ-ing energy production,signalling and calcium regulation.In humans,sperm mitochondrial DNA content(mtDNAc)has been reported to be negatively linked to sperm function and fertility.Yet,the association between mtDNAc and sperm function in livestock remains unexplored.For this reason,this study aimed to shed some light on the link between mtDNAc and sperm function and fertilising potential in pigs.A qPCR method for mtDNAc quantification was optimised for pig sperm,and the association of this parameter with sperm motility,kinematics,mitochondrial activity,and fertility was subsequently interrogated.Results First,the qPCR method was found to be sensitive and efficient for mtDNAc quantification in pig sperm.By using this technique,mtDNAc was observed to be associated to sperm motility,mitochondrial activity and in vivo,but not in vitro,fertility outcomes.Specifically,sperm with low mtDNAc were seen to exhibit greater motility but decreased mitochondrial activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species.Interestingly,samples with lower mtD-NAc showed higher conception and farrowing rates,but similar in vitro fertilisation rates and embryo development,when compared to those with greater mtDNAc.Conclusions These findings enrich our comprehension of the association of mtDNAc with sperm biology,and lay the foundation for future research into employing this parameter as a molecular predictor for sperm function and fer-tility in livestock.
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    tRNAGlu-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

    Yuan FanKrishna Chaitanya PavaniKatrien SmitsAnn Van Soom...
    1559-1566页
    查看更多>>摘要：Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repres-sion of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem cells.However,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo hatching.In this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo development.We thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and non-blastocysts.The majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of tRNAs.Among the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14∶32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from non-blastocysts.RT-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(P＜0.05).Inhibition of tDR-14∶32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplement-ing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(P＜0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14∶32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and implantation.In summary,tDR-14∶32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14∶32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and pathways.These results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.
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    Investigation of HCAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes

    Laman K.MamedovaKirby C.KrogstadPaiton O.McDonaldLaxman Pokhrel...
    1567-1577页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Dairy cows experiencing ketosis after calving suffer greater disease incidence and are at greater risk of leaving the herd.In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA;the primary blood ketone)has inhibi-tory effects on the function of bovine leukocytes.BHBA is a ligand of HCAR2 and the activation of these receptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response which may be related with immunosuppression observed in transition dairy cattle.The objective of this study was to identify and test antagonists for HCAR2 in bovine immune cells cultured with BHBA.Results We observed expression of HCAR2 at the protein level within lymphocytes,monocytes,and granulocytes.The proportion of cells expressing HCAR2 tended to be greater in mid-lactation compared to early lactation cows;the increase was a result of increased proportion of T and B cells expressing HCAR2.Stimulation of HCAR2 with niacin or BHBA promoted Ca2+mobilization in neutrophils and mononuclear cells.Mononuclear cells treated with BHBA had diminished intracellular Ca2+responses when HCAR2 was knocked down by siRNA silencing,indicating Ca2+mobilization was mediated by HCAR2 signaling.Two candidate antagonists for HCAR2,synthesized from niacin(NA-1 and NA-5),were tested;monocytes and neutrophils pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had reduced Ca2+mobilization after incubation with BHBA.Furthermore,NA-5 but not NA-1 prevented BHBA-associated reductions in cyclic AMP.Conclusions We demonstrated that HCAR2 is present on bovine leukocytes and has greater expression later in lacta-tion.We confirmed that BHBA and niacin derived HCAR2 antagonists alter bovine leukocyte activity.Our results dem-onstrate that both BHBA and niacin affect bovine leukocyte Ca2+mobilization in a HCAR2-dependent manner.
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    Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin,cecal metabolites production,microbial ecology,and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

    Razib DasPravin MishraBirendra MishraRajesh Jha...
    1578-1589页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosaccharides(XOS)has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin metabolites.But no study investigated and com-pared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2)and xylotriose(XOS3)in chickens.This study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a)non-injected control(CON),b)XOS2,and c)XOS3.On the 17th embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85％normal saline through the amniotic sac.After hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 d.Blood was collected on d 14 to measure plasma immunoglobulin.Cecal digesta were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and 21.Results The results were considered significantly different at P＜0.05.ELISA quantified plasma IgA and IgG on d 14 chickens,revealing no differences among the treatments.Gas chromatography results showed no significant differ-ences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d 21.However,the SCFA concentra-tions were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d 21.The cecal metagenomics data showed that the abun-dance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the CON.There was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d 21.The XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰ pathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectively,in the microbiome on d 7.In contrast,on d 21,the XOS2 and XOS3 groups enriched the thiamin salvage Ⅱ,L-isoleu-cine biosynthesis Ⅳ,and O-antigen building blocks biosynthesis(E.coli)pathways,which are indicative of improved gut health.Unlike the XOS3 and CON,the microbiome enriched the pathways associated with energy enhancement,including flavin biosynthesis Ⅰ,sucrose degradation Ⅲ,and Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle pathways,in the XOS2 group on d 21.Conclusion In ovo XOS2 and XOS3 feeding promoted benefiicial bacterial growth and reduced harmful bacteria at the family and genus levels.The metagenomic-based microbial metabolic pathway profiling predicted a favorable change in the availability of cecal metabolites in the XOS2 and XOS3 groups.The modulation of microbiota and meta-bolic pathways suggests that in ovo XOS2 and XOS3 feeding improved gut health during the post-hatch period of broilers.
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    Low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

    Marcos Elias DuarteWanpuech ParnsenShihai ZhangMárvio L.T.Abreu...
    1590-1606页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Low crude protein(CP)formulations with supplemental amino acids(AA)are used to enhance intestinal health,reduce costs,minimize environmental impact,and maintain growth performance of pigs.However,extensive reduction of dietary CP can compromise growth performance due to limited synthesis of non-essential AA and limited availability of bioactive compounds from protein supplements even when AA requirements are met.Moreover,implementing a low CP formulation can increase the net energy(NE)content in feeds causing excessive fat deposition.Additional supplementation of functional AA,coupled with low CP formulation could further enhance intestinal health and glucose metabolism,improving nitrogen utilization,and growth performance.Three experi-ments were conducted to evaluate the effects of low CP formulations with supplemental AA on the intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.Methods In Exp.1,90 pigs(19.7±1.1 kg,45 barrows and 45 gilts)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(18.0％CP,supplementing Lys,Met,and Thr),LCP(16.0％CP,supplementing Lys,Met,Thr,Trp,and Val),and LCPT(16.1％CP,LCP+0.05％SID Trp).In Exp.2,72 pigs(34.2±4.2 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(17.7％CP,meeting the requirements of Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp);LCP(15.0％CP,meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and VLCP(12.8％CP,meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,lie,Phe,His,and Leu).In Exp.3,72 pigs(54.1±5.9 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treat-ments and fed experimental diets for 3 phases(grower 2,finishing 1,and finishing 2).Treatments were CON(18.0％,13.8％,12.7％CP for 3 phases;meeting Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp);LCP(13.5％,11.4％,10.4％CP for 3 phases;meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,lle,and Phe);and LCPG(14.1％,12.8％,11.1％CP for 3 phases;LCP+Glu to match SID Glu with CON).All diets had 2.6 Mcal/kg NE.Results In Exp.1,overall,the growth performance did not differ among treatments.The LCPT increased(P＜0.05)Claudin-1 expression in the duodenum and jejunum.The LCP and LCPT increased(P＜0.05)CAT-1,4F2hc,and B0AT expressions in the jejunum.In Exp.2,overall,the VLCP reduced(P＜0.05)G∶F and BUN.The LCP and VLCP increased(P＜0.05)the backfat thickness(BFT).In Exp.3,overall,growth performance and BFT did not differ among treatments.The LCPG reduced(P＜0.05)BUN,whereas increased the insulin in plasma.The LCP and LCPG reduced(P＜0.05)the abundance of Streptococcaceae,whereas the LCP reduced(P＜0.05)Erysipelotrichaceae,and the alpha diversity.Conclusions When implementing low CP formulation,CP can be reduced by supplementation of Lys,Thr,Met,Trp,Val,and lie without affecting the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs when NE is adjusted to avoid increased fat deposition.Supplementation of Trp above the requirement or supplementation of Glu in low CP formu-lation seems to benefit intestinal health as well as improved nitrogen utilization and glucose metabolism.
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    Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

    Giulia FoggiMelissa TerranovaMatteo DaghioSergej L.Amelchanka...
    1607-1622页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOC)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation.Among these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continu-ous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent runs.For this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,NC)and with one supple-mented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin® Ruminant(positive control,PC).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas composition.Feed residues were collected for the determination of ruminal degradability.On d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-through-put sequencing of 16S rRNAand 26S ribosomal large subunit gene amplicons.Regardless of the duration of the fer-mentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37％by Q-2,-34％by PC)or methane formation(-12％by C-10,-12％by PC).The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to NC.Conclusions All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 d.However,several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mecha-nisms of action.The pronounced defaunation caused by PC and its suggested consequences apparently determined at least part of the mitigant effects.Although the depressive effect on NDF degradability caused by Q-2 and C-10 might partially explain their mitigation properties,their mechanisms of action remain mostly to be elucidated.
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    Betaine addition to the diet alleviates intestinal injury in growing rabbits during the summer heat through the AAT/mTOR pathway

    Zimei LiJunning PuXiang ChenYanbin Chen...
    1623-1637页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of betaine(Bet)inclusion in the diet on the intestinal health of growing rabbits under summer heat.A total of 100 weaned Qixing meat rabbits aged 35 d with body weight of 748.61±38.59 g were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups:control group(basal diet)and Bet groups(basal diet+0.75,1.0,1.5 or 2.0 g/kg Bet).The average daily temperature in the rabbitry during the experiment was 30.48 ℃ and the relative humidity was 69.44％.Results Dietary addition of Bet had no significant effect on growth performance and health status of growing rabbits(P＞0.05),but it increased ileal secretory immunoglobulin A content compared to the control under summer heat(P＜0.05).Addition of 0.75 g/kg Bet up-regulated jejunal IL-4,down-regulated ileal TNF-α expression(P＜0.05).The addition of 1.0 g/kg Bet increased the villi height(VH)in the jejunum(P＜0.05).Serum glucose levels were reduced,and the expression of SLC6A20 was up-regulated in jejunum and ileum of rabbits fed with 1.5 g/kg Bet(P＜0.05).When added at 2.0 g/kg,Bet reduced serum HSP70 content,increased jejunal VH,and up-regulated duodenal SLC7A6,SLC38A2,mTOR and 4EBP-2 expression(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that intestinal mTOR expression was significantly and positively correlated with SLC7A6,SLC38A2,SLC36A1 and IL-4 expression(P＜0.05).Conclusions Dietary addition of Bet can up-regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory factors through the AAT/mTOR pathway,improve the intestinal immune function,alleviate intestinal damage in growing rabbits caused by summer heat,and improve intestinal health.
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    Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):in vitro and in vivo studies

    Piao ZhaoLin FengWeidan JiangPei Wu...
    1638-1656页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Ochratoxin A(OTA),a globally abundant and extremely hazardous pollutant,is a significant source of contamination in aquafeeds and is responsible for severe food pollution.The developmental toxicity of OTA and the potential relieving strategy of natural products remain unclear.This study screened the substance curcumin(Cur),which had the best effect in alleviating OTA inhibition of myoblast proliferation,from 96 natural products and investigated its effect and mechanism in reducing OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.Methods A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp,with an initial average body weight of 11.06±0.05 g,were ran-domly assigned into 4 groups:the control group(without OTA and Cur),1.2 mg/kg OTA group,400 mg/kg Cur group,and 1.2 mg/kg OTA+400 mg/kg Cur group.Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates(180 fish)for 60 d.Results Firstly,we cultured,purified,and identified myoblasts using the tissue block culture method.Through pre-liminary screening and re-screening of 96 substances,we examined cell proliferation-related indicators such as cell viability and ultimately found that Cur had the best effect.Secondly,Cur could alleviate OTA-inhibited myoblast differentiation and myofibrillar development-related proteins(MyoG and MYHC)in vivo and in vitro and improve the growth performance of grass carp.Then,Cur could also promote the expression of OTA-inhibited protein syn-thesis-related proteins(S6K1 and TOR),which was related to the activation of the AKT/TOR signaling pathway.Finally,Cur could downregulate the expression of OTA-enhanced protein degradation-related genes(murf1,foxo3a,and ub),which was related to the inhibition of the FoxO3a signaling pathway.Conclusions In summary,our data demonstrated the effectiveness of Cur in alleviating OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.This study confirms the rapidity,feasibility,and effectiveness of establishing a natural product screening method targeting myoblasts to alleviate fungal toxin toxicity.
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    Oils with different degree of saturation:effects on ileal digestibility of fat and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs

    Lu WangYifan ChenYuansen YangNuo Xiao...
    1657-1668页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background Oils are important sources of energy in pig diets.The combination of oils with different degree of satu-ration contributes to improve the utilization efficiency of the mixed oils and may reduce the cost of oil supplemented.An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of oils with different degree of saturation on the fat digestibility and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs.Methods Eighteen crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)barrows(initial body weight:29.3±2.8 kg)were surgi-cally fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum.The experimental diets included a fat-free basal diet and 5 oil-added diets.The 5 oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6％oil with different ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids(U∶S)to the basal diet.The 5 oils were palm oil(U∶S=1.2),canola oil(U∶S=12.0),and palm oil and canola oil were mixed in different proportions to prepare a combination of U∶S of 2.5,3.5 and 4.5,respectively.Results The apparent and standardized ileal digestibility(AID and SID)of fat and fatty acids increased linearly(P＜0.05)as the U∶S of dietary oils increased except for SID of fat and C18∶2.The AID and SID of fat and fatty acids dif-fered among the dietary treatments(P＜0.05)except for SID of unsaturated fatty acids(UFA)and C18∶2.Fitted one-slope broken-line analyses for the SID of fat,saturated fatty acids(SFA)and UFA indicated that the breakpoint for U∶S of oil was 4.14(R2=0.89,P＜0.01),2.91(R2=0.98,P＜0.01)and 3.84(R2=0.85,P＜0.01),respectively.The determined SID of fat,C18∶1,C18∶2 and UFA in the mixtures was not different from the calculated SID of fat,C18∶1,C18∶2 and UFA.However,the determined SID of C16∶0,C18∶0 and SFA in the mixtures were greater than the calculated SID values(P＜0.05).The abundance of Romboutsia and Turicibacterin pigs fed diet containing palm oil was greater than that in rapeseed oil treatment group,and the two bacteria were negatively correlated with SID of C16∶0,C18∶0 and SFA(P＜0.05).Conclusions The optimal U∶S for improving the utilization efficiency of mixed oil was 4.14.The SID of fat and UFA for palm oil and canola oil were additive in growing pigs,whereas the SID of SFA in the mixture of two oils was greater than the sum of the values of pure oils.Differences in fat digestibility caused by oils differing in degree of saturation has a significant impact on bacterial community in the foregut.
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