查看更多>>摘要：The past few years have witnessed power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs)sky-rocketing to the value of 20％due to the outstanding advantages of organic photoactive materials.The latter,which consist of donor and acceptor materials,indeed play important roles in OSCs,and particu-larly one building block has attracted considerable research attention,namely benzothiadiazole(BT).The diversity of OSCs based on the BT structure have indeed sprung up,and the progressive increase in PCE values is more than just eye-catching since it heralds a renewal and bright future of OSCs.This review an-alyzes significant studies that have led to these remarkable progresses and focuses on the most effective BT small-molecules and BT polymers for OSC reported in the last decades.The pivotal structure-property relationships,donor-acceptor matching criteria,and morphology control approaches are gathered and discussed in this paper.Lastly,we summarize the remaining challenges and offer a personal perspective on the future advance and improvement of OSCs.
查看更多>>摘要：Pillar[n]arenes are a novel class of macrocyclic hosts reported by Ogoshi and co-workers in 2008.Because of their rigid pillar structures,interesting host-guest properties and ease of modifications,pillar[n]arenes have been developed rapidly in the field of functional materials and biomedicine.The modifications of pillar[n]arenes at different positions can give them varied characteristics.Functional groups can be introduced into one position of pillar[n]arenes without changing host-guest properties of pillar[n]arenes.A series of pillar[n]arene dimers,trimers,tetramers and met-allacycles can be constructed by mono-functionalized pillar[n]arenes.In this review,two synthetic methods of mono-functionalized pillar[n]arenes are summarized and structures containing mono-functionalized pillar[n]arenes are described.Furthermore,the applications of mono-functionalized pillar[n]arenes in different fields(e.g.,supramolecular polymers,sensors,molecular machines,catalysis,biological applications and light-harvesting systems)are also introduced.Hopefully,this article will be useful for researchers studying pillar[n]arenes,especially the mono-functionalized pillar[n]arenes.
查看更多>>摘要：Sequential energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural light-harvesting systems(LHSs),which greatly pro-motes the exploitation of light energy.The LHSs in nature are sophisticated supramolecular assemblies of chlorophyll molecules that carry out efficient light harvesting through cascade energy transfer process.Inspired by nature,scientists have paid much attention to fabricate stepwise LHSs based on assorted supramolecular scaffolds in recent years.Light-harvesting antennas and energy acceptors can be accom-modated in particular scaffolds,which offer great convenience for energy transfer between them.These systems not only further mimic photosynthesis,but also demonstrate many potential applications,such as photocatalysis,tunable luminescence,and information encryption,etc.In this review article,aiming at of-fering a practical guide to this emerging research field,the introduction of construction strategies towards sequential LHSs will be presented.Different scaffolds are classified and highlighted,including host-guest assemblies,metal-coordination assemblies,as well as bio-macromolecular and other supramolecular scaf-folds.
查看更多>>摘要：The synthesis of degradable polymers with easy-to-break in-chain carbon-oxygen bonds has attracted much attention.This minireview introduces the synthesis of a variety of degradable polymers from the(co)polymerizations of several typical oxygenated monomers such as epoxides,cyclic carbonates,cyclic esters,carbon dioxide(CO2),carbonyl sulfide(COS),and cyclic anhydrides.We highlight the catalysts and mechanisms for these(co)polymerizations.The ring-opening copolymerization of five-membered carbon-ate with cyclic anhydride or COS has been introduced.We also highlight the synthesis of block copoly-mers and cyclic copolymers with well-defined sequences by the method of growing center switching.We hope that these new polymerization systems can provide new ideas for the development of degradable low-carbon polymers in the future.
查看更多>>摘要：Molecular doping has become a widely used method to modulate the electric performance of organic semiconductors(OSC).Highly effective charge transfer during molecular doping is desired to achieve ideal electrical conductivity.Two types of charge transfer mechanisms are widely accepted in molecular dop-ing process:integer charge transfer(ICT)and charge transfer complex(CTC).In this review,fundamental principles of two mechanisms are revisited and the characterization methods are depicted.The key points for the formation of two mechanisms are highlighted from aspects of molecular structure and process en-gineering.Then,the strategies to improve the proportion of ICT are discussed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives for future developments in the molecular doping of polymer semiconductors are provided.
查看更多>>摘要：Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),the most common pathogen in hospital and commu-nity environments,can cause serious and even fatal infections.The antibiotics currently used for clinical treatment of MRSA have developed resistance,and there is an urgent need to develop new antimicrobials to treat infections caused by MRSA strains.Quinoline analogues play an important role in the develop-ment of antimicrobials.Herein,we discussed the current development of antibacterial activities of quino-line analogues,mainly for anti-MRSA activity,and their structure-activity relationships(SARs)from the perspective of using the quinoline nucleus to search for novel potential anti-MRSA candidates.Addition-ally,the mechanisms of some representative quinoline analogues against MRSA were clarified.Altogether,this review could provide further insights for the rational development of quinoline-based antibacterial drugs,especially against MRSA.
查看更多>>摘要：Carbon dots(CDs)have attracted considerable attention as a new type of fluorescent carbon nanomaterial because of their excellent optical properties,biocompatibility,and high electrical conductivity.Research on CDs has been conducted for nearly two decades and has focused on numerous precursors,various synthesis conditions and properties and applications of CDs.Biomass is critical in the green development of CDs because of its low cost,environmental friendliness,and sustainable properties.This review focuses on the advantages and applications of biomass-derived CDs.In addition,the challenges of photobleaching,toxicity,and stability of biomass-based CDs are discussed in detail.Lastly,the prospects and challenges of biomass-derived CDs are highlighted.
查看更多>>摘要：Viruses are ubiquitous in human life.Some viruses can be used as vectors of genetic engineering and specific pesticides.Other viruses trigger a variety of diseases in humans,animals and plants,resulting in high infection rates and mortality.Therefore,convenient,accurate and rapid detection of viruses is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of subsequent diseases.In contrast to traditional methods of detection,which rely on time-consuming and complex techniques such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR),fluorescent probes and imaging methods generate real-time results,with high specificity,and have been widely used in viral detection.In this review,the application of viral fluorescent probes in analyzing the molecular structure,detection and biological imaging is discussed.In particular,we catego-rized the probes based on their specificity for human and plant viruses,reviewing the latest findings and analyzing their limitations.The potential of fluorescent molecular probes in the treatment of viral dis-ease and environmental analysis,and their possible combinations with protein and immune technology are discussed.
查看更多>>摘要：Organic long-persistent luminescence(LPL)materials,featuring low preparation cost,eco-friendly syn-thesis,and easy modification of functional groups,have exhibited extensive applications in information encryption,anti-counterfeiting,and biological imaging.Several design strategies including crystallization-inducement,H-aggregation,and host-guest doping to enhance persistent-room-temperature phosphores-cence(RTP)effect by precisely controlling intersystem crossing(ISC)constant and suppressing nonra-diative decay rates,those are important strategies to enable LPL performance.Among the strategies,re-searchers have made several efforts to enhance persistent-RTP effect by host-guest interaction,in which the host matrices provide a rigid environment for phosphor guest molecules.The interaction of the lu-minescent guest molecules with the host matrix can effectively reduce the vibration and rotation of the luminescent molecules,and suppress the non-radiative inactivation,thereby improving the phosphores-cence quantum yield.This review aims to summarize several design strategies of pure organic LPL ma-terials based on persistent-RTP effect through host-guest interaction,and describe some applications of pure organic LPL materials in different fields.
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