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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

周光召

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Quantum phase transition of the Jaynes-Cummings model

    Cheng LiuJin-Feng Huang
    1-9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Herein,we propose an experimentally feasible scheme to show the quantum phase transition of the Jaynes-Cummings(JC)model by modulating the transition frequency of a two-level system in a quantum Rabi model with strong coupling.By tuning the mod-ulation frequency and amplitude,the ratio of the effective coupling strength of the rotating terms to the effective cavity(atomic transition)frequency can enter the deep-strong coupling regime,while the counter-rotating terms can be neglected.Thus,a deep-strong JC model is obtained.The ratio of the coupling strength to resonance frequencies in the deep-strong JC model is two orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding ratio in the original quantum Rabi model.Our scheme can be employed in atom-cavity resonance and off-resonance cases,and it is valid over a broad range.The nonzero average cavity photons of the ground state indicate the emergence of a quantum phase transition.Further,we demonstrate the dependence of the phase diagram on the atom-cavity detuning and modulation parameters.All the parameters used in our scheme are within the reach of current experimental technology.Our scheme provides a new mechanism for investigating the critical phenomena of finite-sized systems without requiring classical field limits,thereby opening a door for studying fundamental quantum phenomena occurring in the ultrastrong and even deep-strong coupling regimes.
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    Monogamy and polygamy for the generalized W-class states using unified-(q,s)entropy

    Bo LiBing XieZhanjun ZhangHeng Fan...
    10-22页
    查看更多>>摘要：We describe the entanglement distribution and restricted shareability of the multipartite generalized W-class states and their re-duced density matrix under arbitrary partitionsby using monogamy and polygamy relation based on the unified-(q,s)entropy.Firstly,we provide an analytical formula of unified-(q,s)entanglement(UE)and an analytical lower bound of unified-(q,s)en-tanglement of assistance(UEoA)for a reduced density matrix of a generalized W-class state.Then,we use these two analytical formulas to derive the monogamy and polygamy inequalities for a reduced density matrix of a qudit generalized W-class(GW)state.We establish two partition-dependent residual entanglements based on the new monogamy relation,which is helpful to ob-tain a comprehensive analysis of entanglement dynamics of generalized W-class states.Further,we investigate tighter monogamy and polygamy relations based on the power of αth(α ≥ 0)for UE and βth(β ≥ 0)for UEoA,respectively.The results show that the entanglement distribution characteristics of generalized W-class states satisfying stronger constraints can be described more accurately.
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    Imprints of ultralight axions on the gravitational wave and pulsar timing measurement

    Ning XieFa Peng Huang
    23-29页
    查看更多>>摘要：The axion or axion-like particle motivated from a natural solution of strong CP problem or string theory is a promising dark matter candidate.We study the new observational effects of ultralight axion-like particles by the space-borne gravitational wave detector and the radio telescope.Taking the neutron star-black hole binary as an example,we demonstrate that the gravitational waveform could be obviously modified by the slow depletion of the axion cloud around the black hole formed through the superradiance process.We compare these new effects on the binary with the well-studied effects from dynamical friction with dark matter and dipole radiation in model-independent ways.Finally,we discuss the constraints from LIGO/Virgo and study the detectability of the ultralight axion particles at LISA and TianQin.
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    Exploring hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquark states from lattice QCD

    Hang LiuJinchen HeLiuming LiuPeng Sun...
    30-37页
    查看更多>>摘要：Based on five different ensembles of newly generated(2+1)-flavor configurations with pion mass of approximately mπ(≌)(140-310)MeV,we present a lattice analysis of hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquarks with the quark content uscds(c).The correlation matrices of two types of operators with JPC=0++,0-+,1++and 1--are simulated to extract the masses of the hex-aquark candidates,which are subsequently extrapolated to the physical pion mass and continuum limit.The results indicate that ground state masses are below the Ξc(Ξ)c threshold and provide a characteristic signal for the experimental discovery of hex-aquark candidates,which may enrich the versatile structure of multiquarks;moreover,it is an indispensable step to decipher the nonperturbative nature of the fundamental interactions of quarks and gluons.
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    Spectroscopic factors of resonance states with the Gamow shell model

    Mengran XieJianguo LiNicolas MichelHonghui Li...
    38-45页
    查看更多>>摘要：We provide an investigation of the spectroscopic factor of resonance states in A=5-8 nuclei,utilizing the Gamow shell model(GSM).Within the GSM,the configuration mixing is taken into account exactly with the shell model framework,and the con-tinuum coupling is addressed via the complex-energy Berggren ensemble,which treats bound,resonance,and non-resonant continuum single-particle states on an equal footing.As a result,both the configuration mixing and continuum coupling are meticulously considered in the GSM.We first calculate the low-lying states of helium isotopes and isotones with the GSM,and the results are compared with that of ab initio no-core shell model(NCSM)calculations.The results indicate that GSM can reproduce the low-lying resonance states more accurately than the NCSM.Following this,we delve into the spectroscopic factors of the resonance states as computed through both GSM and NCSM,concurrently conducting systematic calculations of overlap functions pertinent to these resonance states.Finally,the calculated overlap function and spectroscopic factor of 6He(01+)⊗vp3/2 → 7He(3/21-)with GSM are compared with the results from ab initio NCSM,variational Monte Carlo,and Green's func-tion Monte Carlo calculations,as well as available experimental data.The results assert that wave function asymptotes can only be reproduced in GSM,where resonance and continuum coupling are precisely addressed.
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    Robust asymmetric Cherenkov radiation in tilted anisotropic medium

    Shuwen XueYadong XuLinkang HanZhi Ning Chen...
    46-51页
    查看更多>>摘要：Cherenkov radiation(CR)is available for a wide variety of terahertz(THz)radiation sources,but its efficiency is deeply affected by intrinsic losses.We find that if the tilted angle(α)of anisotropic material and radiation angle(θ)meet the condition of θ+α=π/2,the intensity of radiation fields for the charged particle bunch(CPB)moving from left to right cannot be influenced by intrinsic losses,which means long-distance radiation can be achieved.Furthermore,we observe an asymmetric CR when the CPB moves from the opposite direction.In addition,we select natural van der Waals(vdW)material α-MoO3 as an example,further confirming that the radiation field can reach the far field and the asymmetric CR radiation can also be observed.These wonderful properties with long-distance radiation will extend the application of CR to a certain extent for future design and fabrication.
      原文链接:
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    • 维普

    Investigation of coupling effect on the evolution of Richtmyer-Meshkov instability at double heavy square bubbles

    Satyvir SinghDhouha Taib Jalleli
    52-70页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study investigates numerically the coupling effect on the evolution of Richtmyer-Meshkov instability at double heavy square bubbles.Five scenarios are considered,each with varying initial separations S/L(where L demotes the side length of the square)ranging from 0.125 to 1.0.Squares are filled with SF6 gas,and are enclosed by N2 gas.The simulations of shock-induced multi-species flow are performed by solving the two-dimensional compressible Euler equations with a higher-order explicit modal discontinuous Galerkin solver.The simulations demonstrate that the flow morphology resulting from the coupling effect is highly dependent on the separation between two squares.When the separation is large,the squares experience a weaker coupling effect and evolve independently.While,as the separation reduces,the coupling effect manifests earlier in the interaction and becomes more substantial.As a result,this phenomenon greatly intensifies the motion of inner upstream/downstream vortex rings towards the symmetry axis,leading to the emergence of multiple jets such as the twisted downward,upward,and coupled jets.A thorough exploration of the coupling effect of double squares is conducted by analyzing the vorticity production.Notably,a significant quantity of vorticity is produced along the squares interface for smaller separation.Further,these coupling effects result in vari-ous interface features(upstream/downstream movement,and height/width evolution),and temporal variations of various spatially integrated fields.Finally,the analysis of the flow structure also considers the interaction between two more flow parameters,the Mach and Atwood numbers,in order to evaluate the coupling effects.
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    Programmable repulsive potential for tight-binding from Chen-M?bius inversion theorem

    Jian-Gao LiJin-Kun TangHong-Quan SongGotthard Seifert...
    71-83页
    查看更多>>摘要：An accurate total energy calculation is essential in materials computation.To date,many tight-binding(TB)approaches based on parameterized hopping can produce electronic structures comparable to those obtained using first-principles calculations.However,TB approaches still have limited applicability for determining material properties derived from the total energy.That is,the predictive power of the TB total energy is impaired by an inaccurate evaluation of the repulsive energy.The complexity associated with the parametrization of TB repulsive potentials is the weak link in this evaluation.In this study,we propose a new method for obtaining the pairwise TB repulsive potential for crystalline materials by employing the Chen-Möbius inversion theorem.We show that the TB-based phonon dispersions,calculated using the resulting repulsive potential,compare well with those obtained by first-principles calculations for various systems,including covalent and ionic bulk materials and two-dimensional materials.The present approach only requires the first-principles total energy and TB electronic band energy as input and does not involve any parameters.This striking feature enables us to generate repulsive potentials programmatically.
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    Nearly degenerate ground states of a checkerboard antiferromagnet and their bosonic interpretation

    Haiyuan ZouFan YangWei Ku
    84-89页
    查看更多>>摘要：The spin-1/2 model system with antiferromagnetic(AF)couplings on a J1-J2 checkerboard lattice,known as the planar py-rochlore model,is strongly frustrated and associated with a two-to-one dimensional crossover.Using the Projected Entangled Simplex States tensor network ansatz,we identify a large number of nearly degenerate states in the frustrated region(J1＜J2).Specifically,we find the long-sought crossed-dimer valence bond solid(VBS)state to be the ground state at J1(＜)J2,while various 1D AF correlated states take over the rest.We verify the stability of the VBS state against nematic perturbation.The corresponding bosonic picture provides an intuitive understanding of the low-energy physics.Particularly,it predicts weaker VBS states in the easy-plane limit,which we confirm numerically.Our results clarify the most essential ground state properties of this interesting system and demonstrate the usefulness of bosonic picture in dealing with frustrated magnetism.
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    Interplay between the atomic structures and superconductivity of two-monolayer Pb films

    Kun XieZe HuangPengju LiYumin Xia...
    90-98页
    查看更多>>摘要：Superconductors with reduced dimensionality have been widely explored for their exotic superconducting behaviors.Especially,at the two-dimensional limit,two-monolayer Pb films with two types of structures provide an ideal platform to unveil the under-lying superconducting mechanism[Science 324,1314(2009)].Here,by combining scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with the first-principle calculations,we successfully identify that these two types have different atomic lattice structures with varying stacking phases,which further enables us to calculate the phonon spectrum and electron phonon coupling strength of each type.The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the superconducting transition temperatures(Tc),which established a correlation between atomic structures and superconductivity.Moreover,it was observed that the higher Tc of these two types also possess higher out-of-plane upper critical magnetic fields(Hc2).These findings will provide important new insights into two-dimensional superconductivity at the atomic level.
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    • 万方数据
    • 维普