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农业科学学报（英文）
中国农业科学院农业信息研究所
农业科学学报（英文）

中国农业科学院农业信息研究所

翟虎渠

月刊

2095-3119

zgnykx@mail.caas.net.cn

010-82106283 82106280

100081

北京中关村南大街12号

农业科学学报（英文）/Journal Journal of Integrative AgricultureCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>本刊创刊于2002年，由中国农业科学院、中国农学会主办，中国农业科学院农业信息研究所承办。刊登农牧业基础科学和应用科学的研究论文，覆盖作物科学、动物科学、农业环境、农业经济与管理等领域。
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    Molecular mechanisms of stress resistance in sorghum:Implications for crop improvement strategies

    Hongxiang ZhengYingying DangXianmin DiaoNa Sui...
    741-768页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abiotic stresses,such as drought,salt,extreme temperatures,and heavy metal pollution,are the main environmental factors that limit crop growth and yield.Sorghum,a C4 grass plant with high photosynthetic efficiency,can grow in adverse environmental conditions due to its excellent stress resistance characteristics.Therefore,unraveling the stress-resistance mechanism of sorghum could provide a theoretical basis for developing and cultivating various stress-resistant crops.This understanding could also help to create a conducive environment for using marginal soil in agriculture and ensuring food security.In this review,we discuss the adaptation mechanisms of sorghum under drought,salinity,temperature,and soil heavy metal stresses,the specific response to stress,the screening of sorghum-resistant germplasm,and the identification and functional analysis of the relevant genes and quantitative trait loci(QTL).In addition,we discuss the application potential of different stress-tolerant sorghum germplasms reported to date and emphasize the feasibility and potential use in developing and promoting highly stress-tolerant sorghum in marginal soil.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Artificial selection of the Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1 is implicated in upland rice breeding

    Shuliang JiaoQinyan LiFan ZhangYonghong Tao...
    769-780页
    查看更多>>摘要：Semidwarf breeding has boosted crop production and is a well-known outcome from the first Green Revolution.The Green Revolution gene Semidwarf 1(SD1),which modulates gibberellic acid(GA)biosynthesis,plays a principal role in determining rice plant height.Mutations in SD1 reduce rice plant height and promote lodging resistance and fertilizer tolerance to increase grain production.The plant height mediated by SD1 also favors grain yield under certain conditions.However,it is not yet known whether the function of SD1 in upland rice promotes adaptation and grain production.In this study,the plant height and grain yield of irrigated and upland rice were comparatively analyzed under paddy and dryland conditions.In response to dryland environments,rice requires a reduction in plant height to cope with water deficits.Upland rice accessions had greater plant heights than their irrigated counterparts under both paddy and dryland conditions,and appropriately reducing plant height could improve adaptability to dryland environments and maintain high grain yield formation.Moreover,upland rice cultivars with thicker stem diameters had stronger lodging resistance,which addresses the lodging problem.Knockout of SD1 in the upland rice cultivar IRAT104 reduced the plant height and grain yield,demonstrating that the adjustment of plant height mediated by SD1 could increase grain production in dryland fields.In addition,an SD1 genetic diversity analysis verified that haplotype variation causes phenotypic variation in plant height.During the breeding history of rice,SD1 allelic mutations were selected from landraces to improve the grain yield of irrigated rice cultivars,and this selection was accompanied by a reduction in plant height.Thus,five known mutant alleles were analyzed to verify that functional SD1 is required for upland rice production.All these results suggest that SD1 might have undergone artificial positive selection in upland rice,which provides further insights concerning greater plant height in upland rice breeding.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Dynamics and genetic regulation of macronutrient concentrations during grain development in maize

    Pengcheng LiShuangyi YinYunyun WangTianze Zhu...
    781-794页
    查看更多>>摘要：Nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)are essential macronutrients that are crucial not only for maize growth and development,but also for crop yield and quality.The genetic basis of macronutrient dynamics and accumulation during grain filling in maize remains largely unknown.In this study,we evaluated grain N,P,and K concentrations in 206 recombinant inbred lines generated from a cross of DH1M and T877 at six time points after pollination.We then calculated conditional phenotypic values at different time intervals to explore the dynamic characteristics of the N,P,and K concentrations.Abundant phenotypic variations were observed in the concentrations and net changes of these nutrients.Unconditional quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping revealed 41 non-redundant QTLs,including 17,16,and 14 for the N,P,and K concentrations,respectively.Conditional QTL mapping uncovered 39 non-redundant QTLs related to net changes in the N,P,and K concentrations.By combining QTL,gene expression,co-expression analysis,and comparative genomic data,we identified 44,36,and 44 candidate genes for the N,P,and K concentrations,respectively,including GRMZM2G371058 encoding a Dof-type zinc finger DNA-binding family protein,which was associated with the N concentration,and GRMZM2G113967 encoding a CBL-interacting protein kinase,which was related to the K concentration.The results deepen our understanding of the genetic factors controlling N,P,and K accumulation during maize grain development and provide valuable genes for the genetic improvement of nutrient concentrations in maize.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    The NAC transcription factor LuNAC61 negatively regulates fiber development in flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)

    Dongwei XieJing LiWan LiLijun Sun...
    795-805页
    查看更多>>摘要：Flax is a crucial fiber crop that exhibits excellent textile properties and serves as a model plant for investigating phloem fiber development.The regulation of multiple genes significantly influences fiber development,notably involving NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,CUC2)transcription factors in forming the fiber secondary cell wall(SCW).Overexpression of LuNAC61 in flax resulted in sparse top meristematic zone leaves and significantly reduced stem cellulose content.Scanning electron microscopy and staining observations revealed a significant reduction in fiber bundles.β-Glucuronidase(GUS)staining analysis demonstrated high activity of the LuNAC61 promoter in the bast fibers of the flax stem.Additionally,several members of the LuPLATZ and LuCesA families exhibited significant coexpression with LuNAC61.Subcellular localization indicated the presence of LuPLATZ24 protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm,LuNAC61 protein exclusively in the nucleus,and LuCesA10 in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum.LuPLATZ24 positively regulates LuNAC61,whereas LuNAC61 negatively affects LuCesA10,suggesting the involvement of a metabolic network in regulating flax fiber development.In conclusion,this study provides a critical opportunity for a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the mechanisms governing flax fiber development and the potential use of biotechnology to enhance flax fiber yield.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    The underlying mechanism of variety-water-nitrogen-stubble damage interactions on yield formation in ratoon rice with low stubble height under mechanized harvesting

    Jingnan ZouZiqin PangZhou LiChunlin Guo...
    806-823页
    查看更多>>摘要：Agronomic measures are the key to promote the sustainable development of ratoon rice by reducing the damage from mechanical crushing to the residual stubble of the main crop,thereby mitigating the impact on axillary bud sprouting and yield formation in ratoon rice.This study used widely recommended conventional rice Jiafuzhan and hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the test materials to conduct a four-factor block design field experiment in a greenhouse of the experimental farm of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University,China from 2018 to 2019.The treatments included fertilization and no fertilization,alternate wetting and drying irrigation and continuous water flooding irrigation,and plots with and without artificial crushing damage on the rice stubble.At the same time,a 13C stable isotope in-situ detection technology was used to fertilize the pot experiment.The results showed significant interactions among varieties,water management,nitrogen application and stubble status.Relative to the long-term water flooding treatment,the treatment with sequential application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with moderate field drought for root-vigor and tiller promotion before and after harvesting of the main crop,significantly improved the effective tillers from low position nodes.This in turn increased the effective panicles per plant and grains per panicle by reducing the influence of artificial crushing damage on rice stubble and achieving a high yield of the regenerated rice.Furthermore,the partitioning of 13C assimilates to the residual stubble and its axillary buds were significantly improved at the mature stage of the main crop,while the translocation rate to roots and rhizosphere soil was reduced at the later growth stage of ratooning season rice.This was triggered by the metabolism of hormones and polyamines at the stem base regulated by the interaction of water and fertilizer at this time.We therefore suggest that to achieve a high yield of ratoon rice with low stubble height under mechanized harvesting,the timely application of nitrogen fertilizer is fundamental,coupled with moderate field drying for root-vigor preservation and tiller promotion before and after the mechanical harvesting of the main crop.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Rice canopy temperature is affected by nitrogen fertilizer

    Min JiangZhang ChenYuan LiXiaomin Huang...
    824-835页
    查看更多>>摘要：Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However,the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined.We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5,NJ-9108,and YJ-805)and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK),200 kg ha-1(MN),and 300 kg ha-1(HN)).We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period.Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering,jointing,booting,and heading stages.The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages.The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order:HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805,but the difference was not significant.The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits,such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=-0.895),plant water content(-0.912),net photosynthesis(-0.84),stomatal conductance(-0.91),transpiration rate(-0.90),and leaf stomatal area(-0.83).A structural equation model(SEM)showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1)A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2)the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature,and(3)at that stage,canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield,panicle number,and grain number per panicle.This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    The first factor affecting dryland winter wheat grain yield under various mulching measures:Spike number

    Yingxia DouHubing ZhaoHuimin YangTao Wang...
    836-848页
    查看更多>>摘要：Water is the key factor limiting dryland wheat grain yield.Mulching affects crop yield and yield components by affecting soil moisture.Further research is needed to determine the relationships between yield components and soil moisture with yield,and to identify the most important factor affecting grain yield under various mulching measures.A long-term 9-year field experiment in the Loess Plateau of Northwest China was carried out with three treatments:no mulch(CK),plastic mulch(MP)and straw mulch(MS).Yield factors and soil moisture were measured,and the relationships between them were explored by correlation analysis,structural equation modeling and significance analysis.The results showed that compared with CK,the average grain yields of MP and MS increased by 13.0 and 10.6%,respectively.The average annual grain yield of the MP treatment was 134 kg ha-1 higher than the MS treatment.There were no significant differences in yield components among the three treatments(P<0.05).Soil water storage of the MS treatment was greater than the MP treatment,although the differences were not statistically significant.Soil water storage during the summer fallow period(SWSSF)and soil water storage before sowing(SWSS)of MS were significantly higher than in CK,which increased by 38.5 and 13.6%,respectively.The relationship between MP and CK was not statistically significant for SWSSF,but the SWSS in MP was significantly higher than in CK.In terms of soil water storage after harvest(SWSH)and water consumption in the growth period(ET),there were no significant differences among the three treatments.Based on the three analysis methods,we found that spike number and ET were positively correlated with grain yield.However,the relative importance of spike number to yield was the greatest in the MP and MS treatments,while that of ET was the greatest in CK.Sufficient SWSSF could indirectly increase spike number and ET in the three treatments.Based on these results,mulch can improve yield and soil water storage.The most important factor affecting the grain yield of dryland wheat was spike number under mulching,and ET with CK.These findings may help us to understand the main factors influencing dryland wheat grain yield under mulching conditions compared to CK.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    A mutation in the promoter of the yellow stripe-like transporter gene in cucumber results in a yellow cotyledon phenotype

    Jiawei PanJia SongRahat SharifXuewen Xu...
    849-862页
    查看更多>>摘要：Leaf color mutants in higher plants are considered to be ideal materials for studying the chlorophyll biosynthesis,photosynthesis mechanism and chloroplast development.Herein,we identified a spontaneous mutant,yc412,in cultivated cucumber that exhibited yellow cotyledons.The yellow-lethal mutant was diagnosed with an abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure,and reduced photosynthetic capacity and pigment content.Through bulked segregant analysis-based whole-genome sequencing and fine genetic mapping,we narrowed the yellow cotyledons(yc)locus to a 96.8 kb interval on chromosome 3.By resequencing and molecular cloning,we showed that Csyc is a potential candidate gene,which encodes a yellow stripe-like(YSL)transporter.The T to C mutation in the promoter region of Csyc caused the yellow cotyledon phenotype in yc412.Compared to YZU027A(WT),the expression of Csyc was significantly downregulated in the cotyledons of yc412.Silencing of Csyc in cucumber via virus-induced gene silencing resulted in chlorotic leaves,mainly by suppressing the chlorophyll content.Furthermore,a comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that chloroplast-related genes and chlorophyll biosynthesis genes were significantly downregulated in yc412 cotyledons.Our results provide new insights into the molecular function of the YSL transporter in plant chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Alternative splicing of the PECTINESTERASE gene encoding a cell wall-degrading enzyme affects postharvest softening in grape

    Hainan LiuMaosong PeiCharles Ampomah-DwamenaYaxin Shang...
    863-875页
    查看更多>>摘要：The firmness of table grape berries is a crucial quality parameter.Despite extensive research on postharvest fruit softening,its precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive.To enhance our comprehension of the underlying molecular factors,we initially identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs)by comparing the transcriptomes of folic acid(FA)-treated and water-treated(CK)berries at different time points.We then analyzed the sequences to detect alternatively spliced(AS)genes associated with postharvest softening.A total of 2,559 DEGs were identified and categorized into four subclusters based on their expression patterns,with subcluster-4 genes exhibiting higher expression in the CK group compared with the FA treatment group.There were 1,045 AS-associated genes specific to FA-treated berries and 1,042 in the CK-treated berries,respectively.Gene Ontology(GO)annotation indicated that the AS-associated genes in CK-treated berries were predominantly enriched in cell wall metabolic processes,particularly cell wall degradation processes.Through a comparison between treatment-associated AS genes and subcluster-4 DEGs,we identified eight genes,including Pectinesterase 2(VvPE2,Vitvi15g00704),which encodes a cell wall-degrading enzyme and was predicted to undergo an A3SS event.The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction further confirmed the presence of a truncated transcript variant of VvPE2 in the FA-treated berries.Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of AS events in postharvest grape berries using transcriptome sequencing and underscores the pivotal role of VvPE2 during the postharvest storage of grape berries.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Identification of key genes regulating the synthesis of quercetin derivatives in Rosa roxburghii through integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics

    Liyao SuMin WuTian ZhangYan Zhong...
    876-887页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rosa roxburghii fruit is rich in flavonoids,but little is known about their biosynthetic pathways.In this study,we employed transcriptomics and metabolomics to study changes related to the flavonoids at five different stages of R.roxburghii fruit development.Flavonoids and the genes related to their biosynthesis were found to undergo significant changes in abundance across different developmental stages,and numerous quercetin derivatives were identified.We found three gene expression modules that were significantly associated with the abundances of the different flavonoids in R.roxburghii and identified three structural UDP-glycosyltransferase genes directly involved in the synthesis of quercetin derivatives within these modules.In addition,we found that RrBEH4,RrLBD1 and RrPIF8 could significantly increase the expression of downstream quercetin derivative biosynthesis genes.Taken together,these results provide new insights into the metabolism of flavonoids and the accumulation of quercetin derivatives in R.roxburghii.
      原文链接:
    • 国家科技期刊平台
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据