查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The biochemical class of the polymethoxylated flavonoids represents uncommon phenolic compounds in plants presenting a more marked lipophilic behavior due to the alkylation of its hydroxylic groups. As a polymethoxylated flavone, which concerns a different bioavailability, artemetin (ART) has been examined in vitro against lipid oxidation and its impact on cancer cells has been explored. Despite this flavone only exerted a slight protection against in vitro fatty acid and cholesterol oxidative degradation, ART significantly reduced viability and modulated lipid profile in cancer Hela cells at the dose range 10–50 μM after 72 h of incubation. It induced marked changes in the monounsaturated/saturated phospholipid class, significant decreased the levels of palmitic, oleic and palmitoleic acids, maybe involving an inhibitory effect on de novo lipogenesis and desaturation in cancer cells. Moreover, ART compromised normal mitochondrial function, inducing a noteworthy mitochondrial membrane polarization in cancer cells. A dose-dependent absorption of ART was evidenced in HeLa cell pellets (15.2% of the applied amount at 50 μM), coupled to a marked increase in membrane fluidity, as indicate by the dose-dependent fluorescent Nile Red staining (red emissions). Our results validate the ART role as modulatory agent on cancer cell physiology, especially impacting viability, lipid metabolism, cell fluidity, and mitochondrial potential.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Three novel alkaloids, identified as (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylamide (1), named oleracrylimide A, (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (2), named oleracrylimide B, and (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (3), named oleracrylimide C were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. and the structures of the three novel compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, circular dichroism, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS spectroscopic methods. Moreover, the bioactivities of anti-inflammation of the three compounds were investigated via testing RAW 264.7 macrophage cell stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Lewy bodies are characteristic spherical inclusions in Parkinson's disease (PD) that are formed by α-synuclein fibrils. Ferruginol (Fer) is an amonomeric compound isolated from a traditional Chinese herb. Here, we show that Fer exerted potent neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo PD models. Neuronal cells transfected with A53T mutant (A53T) α-synuclein plasmids and treated with Fer exhibited attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by pathogenic A53T α-synuclein overexpression. Further, when we transfected neuronal cells with siRNA-SNCA (alpha-synuclein) plasmids and incubated them with Fer, the protective role of Fer decreased. We also found that Fer was a potent α-synuclein inhibitor in neuronal cells, which promotes the clearance of αsynuclein in dopaminergic neurons exposed to 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +). Fer could inhibit abnormal α-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuron depletion in A53T-Tg mice, suggesting that a role for Fer in α-synuclein accumulation and nigrostriatal pathway injury. Our study revealed that Fer strongly alleviated neurodegeneration by promoting α-synuclein clearance, indicating a neuroprotective role against α-synuclein oligomer-induced neurodegeneration, which makes it a promising candidate for the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021Chemical fractionation of the EtOH extract of a medicinal macro fungus, Inonotus obliquus, afforded an array of lanostane-type triterpenoids (1?11) including two new ones (1 and 8). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, single crystal X-ray crystallography of 3–6 and biosynthetic considerations. With the confirmatory structural information provided by X-ray diffraction analysis in hand, several previously reported 21,24-cyclolanostanes, such as inonotsutriols A–C and (20R,21S,24S)-21,24-cyclopenta-3β,21,25-trihydroxylanosta-8-ene, were structurally corrected. In addition, the NMR data of other types of 21,24-cyclo triterpenoids were also re-examined and structural revisions were thus suggested. Compounds 2, 6 and 8 showed significant cytostatic effects against a panel of tumor cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 7.80 to 18.5 μM. Further assays established that compound 2 exerted promising in vitro anti-breast cancer potential by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of 4T1 cells.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Two unprecedented ent-18,19-dinoricetexane diterpenoid glycosides, named abieshanesides A (1) and B (2), together with seven known compounds, have been isolated from the dead trunks and branches of Abies beshanzuensis M.H. Wu. To our knowledge, abieshanesides A and B represent the first ent-18,19-dinoricetexane diterpenoid glycosides found in natural sources. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by using a combination of spectroscopic techniques and comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. The MTT experiments showed that (E)-resveratrol (7) could inhibit viability of MH7A cells with the IC50 value of 12.5 μM. Compound 7 was able to block MH7A cell proliferation and was associated with G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the treatment by 7 significantly induced the proliferation of MH7A cells in a dose-dependent manner.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021Three labdane-type [multisins A–C (1–3)], two guaiane-type [multisins D (4) and E (5)], and one eudesmane-type [multisin F (6)] previously undescribed terpenoids, together with 14 mono- (7–20) and seven dimeric- (21–27) known terpenoids, were isolated from the 90% MeOH extract of the whole plant of Chloranthus multistachys. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 4 and 5 are rare trinor-sesquiterpenes with a de-isopropyl guaiane skeleton, whereas compound 6 is a rearranged dinor-eudesmene featuring an uncommon octahydro-1H-indene ring system. Among the isolates, the dimeric lindenane sesquiterpenoid shizukaol C (25) exhibited the most potent (IC50 = 8.04 μM) anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV-2 microglial cells.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Highland barley Monascus has historically been used in solid state fermentation and traditional fermented foods in Tibet. It is possessed of the characteristics of medicine and food. Three new 8,13-unsaturated benzocyclodiketone-conjugated Monascus pigments (1–3), three new benzofuran Monascus pigments (4–6), three new butylated malonyl Monascus pigments (7–9), and eleven known Monascus pigment derivatives (10?20) were isolated from highland barley Monascus for the first time. Their structures were determined by analyzing NMR, MS, UV, and IR spectral data and compared with relevant references. Among them, compounds 2, 4, 6 showed important inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity, and decreased significantly FFA-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 liver cells. Additionally, compounds 1, 10, 14, 16, 18 exhibited certain hepatoprotective activities against the damage in acetaminophen-induced HepG2 cells. The plausible biogenetic pathway and preliminary structure activity relationship of the selected compounds were scientifically summarized and discussed in this work.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The authors regret having misclassified the endophyte Talaromyces fugus isolated from Epilobium angustifolium, that should be T. fusiformes and not marneffei. Our article needs therefore correction. Our attention to this error was raised by this note sent to the Editor of Fitoterapia by Qian Du Duqian and Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow: We are writing to express our thoughts on the research article entitled “A norbisabolane and an arabitol benzoate from Talaromyces marneffei, an endophytic fungus of E. angustifolium”, published in Fitoterapia 153 (2021), 104,948. The author claimed that they have isolated a strain of Talaromyces marneffei from the plant E. angustifolium, based on the morphology on PDA plate and BLAST analysis of the of the DNA sequences from the ITS1–5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA gene region. The sequence for their isolate had been deposited in the GenBank with the accession no. MK849927. T. marneffei (formerly Penicillium marneffei) is indeed a human pathogenic dimorphic fungus causing talaromycosis (formerly penicilliosis) in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, including cancer, HIV positive, organ transplant, and autoimmune diseases patients. T. marneffei grows as mycelial form with red diffusible pigment below 30 °C and grow as yeast form when it is above 30 °C. Although researchers have spent years to look for the environmental reservoir, the only confirmed reservoir of T. marneffei is bamboo rat (Rhizomys). Although the authors claimed that their isolate from “E. angustifolium” is T. marneffei, the culture plate photo in the graphical abstract did not show characteristics red diffusible pigment. We therefore BLAST the sequence of MK849927 and limit to theagainst the rRNA/ITS database of “Internal transcribed spacer region (ITF) from Fungi type and reference material”“Sequences from type material”. The result returns 99.66% sequences similarity to “Talaromyces fusiformis strain CBS 140637” (accession no. NR_169911.1) instead ofwhile there is only 95.54% sequence similarity to “Talaromyces marneffei CBS 388.87” (accession no. NR_103671.2). We believe that the authors were misled by incorrectly deposited annotated ITS sequences from non-type material sequence database previously. We further investigate if the morphology of their isolate is similar to T. fusiformis by comparing the culture photos of this article to Fig. 12 of the article “New Talaromyces species from indoor environments in China” PMID: 28070136, and found that it is indeed very similar to T. fusiformis. All together with the ITS sequence and the morphology, we believe that their isolate was indeed T. fusiformis but not T. marneffei. Qian Du Duqian Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China. Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
查看更多>>摘要：Adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells is an important initiating step in atherogenesis. One of the most abundant flavonoids in the diet, quercetin has been reported to inhibit monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. However, it is poorly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract during oral intake but rather is metabolized by the intestinal microbiota into various phenolic acids. Since the biological properties of the microbial metabolites of quercetin remain largely unknown, herein, we investigated how the microbial metabolite of quercetin, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (3HPPA) impact monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Direct treatment with 3HPPA for 24 h was not cytotoxic to human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Cotreatment with 3HPPA inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-induced adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HAECs, and suppressed the upregulation of cell adhesion molecule E-selectin but not intercellular adhesion molecule 1 or vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Furthermore, 3HPPA was found to inhibit TNF alpha-induced nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B). We conclude that 3HPPA mitigates the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells by suppressing the expression of the cell adhesion molecule E-selectin in HAECs via inhibition of the NF-kappa B pathway, providing additional evidence for the health benefits of dietary flavonoids and their microbial metabolites as therapeutic agents in atherosclerosis.
查看更多>>摘要：Ten undescribed cadinane-type sesquiterpenes (1-10) were isolated from the whole plant of Eupatorium chinense. Their planar structures were mainly elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data and DFT NMR calculations. The absolute configurations of 1, 2, and 3 were determined by TDDFT ECD calculations while those of compounds 4-7 and 9 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Compounds 2 and 3 are a pair of C-10 epimers, compounds 4 and 5 a pair of C-1 epimers, and compounds 9 and 10 a pair of compounds isomerized at both C-1 and C-10. A possible biosynthetic pathway for these new sesquiterpenes was proposed.
NSTL
Elsevier