首页期刊导航|作物学报（英文版）
期刊信息/Journal information
作物学报（英文版）
作物学报（英文版）

双月刊

作物学报（英文版）/Journal The Crop Journal Calls for PapersCSCDCSTPCDSCI
正式出版
收录年代

    A rare natural variation in TaFT-D2 underlies QTss.cas-3D associated with increased total spikelet number per spike in wheat

    Hong LiuZhipeng ShiGuohao HanJinpeng Zhang...
    1727-1734页
    查看更多>>摘要：Total spikelet number per spike(TSS)is a crucial yield component in wheat.Dissecting and characterizing major stable quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with TSS can significantly enhance the genetic improvement of yield potential.In a previous study,we identified a stable major QTL for TSS,named QTss.cas-3D.In the present study,we conducted fine mapping of QTss.cas-3D,interval to approximately 6.35 Mb,ranging from 105.03 to 111.38 Mb,based on the IWGSC RefSeq v2.1.Through genome re-sequencing and gene function annotation,we identified TraesCS3D03G0308000(TaFT-D2)as the candi-date gene.Phenotypic evaluation with paired near-isogenic lines revealed that this locus predominantly increases kernel number per spike by enhancing TSS and fertile spikelet number per spike,without sig-nificantly affecting thousand-kernel weight or tiller number.The presence of the TaFT-D2 allele in the parent P3228,which is rare in nature populations,highlights its potential value.This study provides a valuable gene resource and functional marker for wheat molecular breeding aimed at improving TSS and establishes a foundation for gene functional analysis of TaFT-D2.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Characterization of novel wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum introgression lines derived from partial amphiploid AUS6770 for resistance to stripe rust

    Chengzhi JiangYujie LuoYile QiSenmiao Liu...
    1735-1744页
    查看更多>>摘要：The wild decaploid species Thinopyrum ponticum(Podp.)Barkworth&D.R.Dewey is an important source of genes against biotic and abiotic stresses affecting wheat.The wheat-Th.ponticum partial amphiploid AUS6770 shows resistance to multiple diseases,including stripe rust,stem rust,and powdery mildew.Mitotic chromosomes of AUS6770 were characterized by non-denaturing-fluorescence in situ hybridiza-tion(ND-FISH),and the individual Th.ponticum chromosomes 1Ae to 7Ae were karyotypically distin-guished by Oligo-FISH painting using bulked oligo pools based on wheat-barley collinear regions.A novel stripe rust resistant line A1 55,derived from AUS6770,was found to have 44 chromosomes,includ-ing a pair of 2Ae chromosomes and a pair of 6B-6Ae translocations.To detect plants with transfer of resis-tance genes from A1 55 to wheat chromosomes,1770 plants were developed from F2-F5 progenies of A1 55 crossed with the susceptible wheat cultivar MY11 and characterized with ND-FISH using multiple probes.A high frequency of transmission of chromosome 2Ae was observed,and 31 types of 2Ae chromo-somal aberrations were identified using ND-FISH.Ten chromosomal bins on the 2Ae chromosome were determined from the deletion and translocation lines based on genome-based PCR markers.In combina-tion with the evaluation of disease resistance,the gene(s)for stripe rust resistance was located on the FL0.79-1.00 of 2AeS and covers the corresponding region of 0-58.26 Mb in the reference genome of Th.elongatum.The newly identified wheat-Th.ponticum 2Ae translocation lines can be exploited as poten-tial germplasm in wheat breeding for stripe rust resistance.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Fine mapping of a major QTL on chromosome A05 conferring pod size in peanut

    Kunkun ZhaoXufa DuJingjing ZhangYi Fan...
    1745-1753页
    查看更多>>摘要：Pod size is a key agronomic trait that influences peanut yield greatly.However,our understanding of the mechanisms underlying pod size is limited.In this study,we employed a segregating population derived from a cross between the small-pod line ND_S and the large-pod line ND_L to map quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with pod size.Initial mapping performed using bulk segregant analysis revealed a can-didate interval on chromosome A05 referred to as qPSW05.We refined this interval to a 256.9 kb genomic region using newly developed molecular markers.Through sequence and expression analyses,we iden-tified the candidate gene AhXE45GC,which encodes an AN1 zinc finger protein.We discovered a 33-bp insertion in the intron of AhXE45GC in ND_S.Accessions that lack this insertion,such as ND_L,had signif-icantly larger pods than those with the insertion,including ND_S.To facilitate marker-assisted selection for peanut pod size,we developed a molecular marker associated with this polymorphism.This marker could provide a valuable genetic resource for breeding high-yielding peanut varieties.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Identification of key enzymes in lignocellulose biosynthesis from dynamic observations in maize stalks

    Xiaoxu ZhanFanlei KongQinlin LiuTianqiong Lan...
    1754-1764页
    查看更多>>摘要：Maize stalk lignin and cellulose contents are linked to lodging resistance,disease resistance,feed quality and ethanol conversion efficiency.After the six-leaf stage of maize(V6),these constituents are biosynthe-sized and accumulated under the control of related enzymes and genes.However,the key enzymes,crit-ical MYB transcription factors,and their dynamic alterations pattern under natural field circumstances are still unknown.Hence,we selected five cultivars with significant differences in lignocellulose content and lodging resistance as testing materials,performed field experiments for two years,and investigated the dynamics of lignin and cellulose content,related enzyme concentrations,and gene expression levels in the 3rd and 5th internodes above the ground after V6.The results showed that lignin and cellulose con-tent increased after V6,stabilizing during the silking stage.This study identified COMT(caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase),TAL(tyrosine ammonia-lyase)and PAL(phenylalanine ammonia-lyase)as the key enzymes of lignin biosynthesis,while ZmCOMT,ZmCesA10 and ZmCesA8 were identified as essential genes.ZmMYB8,ZmMYB31 and ZmMYB39 were involved in regulating the expression of genes related to lignin synthesis,with ZmMYB31 potentially acting as a key negative regulator,while ZmMYB39 and ZmMYB8 acting as positive regulators.The study also found that around 14 d after V6 was a critical stage for regulating lignocellulose synthesis in the 3rd to 5th basal internode.This provides a theoretical foun-dation for developing regulatory techniques and breeding new cultivars to enhance lodging and disease resistance as well as the utility of maize stalks.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Spermidine alleviates drought-induced wheat floret degeneration by mitigating oxidative damage and maintaining energy homeostasis

    Juan LiGege LiZhiyuan LiJiayu Li...
    1765-1779页
    查看更多>>摘要：Drought stress at the booting stage causes severe floret degeneration and a decrease in grain number.Polyamines are involved in wheat floret development under drought stress,but the underlying physio-logical mechanisms are unclear.This study showed that drought-induced accumulation of reactive oxy-gen species led to wheat spikelet cell apoptosis and floret degeneration.Drought induced stomatal closure to reduce photosynthesis,then inhibited the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase,sucrose synthetase(cleavage direction)and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in spikes and leaves,and soluble vacuolar invertase and cell wall invertase in spikes,thus providing a poor nutrient base for floret devel-opment.Exogenous spermidine application increased antioxidant enzyme activities and polyamine metabolism,promoted starch and sucrose metabolism,amino acid utilization and increased the levels of glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to mitigate oxidative damage and maintain energy homeostasis in the spike,thereby reducing floret degeneration and increasing grain number.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Optimizing trade-offs between light transmittance and intraspecific competition under varying crop layouts in a maize-soybean strip relay cropping system

    Liang FengKai ShiXin LiuHuan Yang...
    1780-1790页
    查看更多>>摘要：Light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth and development.In relay cropping systems,crop layouts influence light distribution,affecting light use efficiency(LUE).However,the response of light interception,light conversion,and LUE for relay maize and relay soybean to different crop layouts remains unclear.We aimed to quantify the effect of crop layout on intraspecific and interspecific competition,light interception,light conversion,LUE,and land productivity between relay maize and relay soybean.We conducted a field experiment for four consecutive years from 2017 to 2020 in Sichuan province,China,comparing different crop layouts(bandwidth 2.0 m,row ratio 2:2;bandwidth 2.4 m,row ratio 2:3;bandwidth 2.8 m,row ratio 2:4),with sole maize and sole soybean as controls.The results showed that relay maize in the 2.0 m bandwidth layout had the largest leaf area index and plant biomass,the lowest intraspecific competitive intensity and the highest aggressiveness.Compared to a bandwidth of 2.0 m,a bandwidth of 2.8 m significantly decreased relay maize leaf area index by 11％and plant biomass by 24％,while a 2.4 m bandwidth caused roughly half these reductions.The 2.0 m bandwidth layout also significantly improved crop light interception and LUE compared to sole maize.The light interception,light interception rate,light conversion rate and LUE in relay maize all decreased significantly with increasing bandwidth,but they increased in relay soybean.The increased light transmittance to the lower and middle canopy with increasing bandwidth did not compensate for the loss of relay maize yield caused by increased intraspecific competition.However,it enhanced the yield of relay soybeans.Increasing the bandwidth by 80 cm increased the relay maize intraspecific competition by 580％,and reduced maize yield by 33％,light interception by 12％,and LUE by 18％.In con-trast,the relay soybean intraspecific competition was reduced by 64％,and the soybean yield was increased by 26％,light interception by 32％and LUE by 46％.Relay cropping systems with a 2.0 m band-width optimize the trade-off between light transmittance and intraspecific competition of relay crops.These systems achieve the highest LUE,group yield and economic benefits,making them a recommended crop layout for the southwest regions of China.Our study offers valuable insights for developing strip relay cropping systems that maximize light utilization and contributes to the theoretical understanding of efficient sunlight use in relay cropping practices.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Assessing climate effects on wheat yield heterogeneity in the North China Plain and evolution from 1960 to 2020

    Yang HanJinglei WangDongmei Qiao
    1791-1800页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study quantified climate effects on wheat yield heterogeneity in the North China Plain from 1960 to 2020,by integrating the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator,Optimal Parameters-based Geographical Detector model,and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition model.The factors dominat-ing yield heterogeneity varied by growth stage.For sowing to anthesis,anthesis to maturation,and the entire growth season,minimum temperature,radiation,and vapor pressure deficit has the greatest effect on yield heterogeneity.Interannual periodic oscillations govern the long-term evolution of climate effects on yield heterogeneity from 1960 to 2020.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Development of the A&GBE base editor for efficiently generating abundant genetic variation in rice

    Wenhui ZhangYaqi XuJingxuan CuiYingshuang Xue...
    1801-1805页
    查看更多>>摘要：We have developed a dual base editor,rA&GBE,by fusing adenine and glycosylase base editors.It can induce up to eight types of mutations in T0-generation rice,including single-base conversion,simultane-ous multiple-base conversions,and InDels,using a single guide RNA.A-to-G and C-to-G/T conversions occur simultaneously on the same DNA strand.The rA&GBE system may prove useful for crop improve-ment and in planta direct evolution.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Adjusting the amylose content of semi-glutinous japonica rice by genome editing of uORF6 in the Wx gene

    Kai LuYadong ZhangLei HeCheng Li...
    1806-1811页
    查看更多>>摘要：Amylose content,the key determinant of rice eating and cooking quality,is regulated primarily by the Waxy(Wx)gene.We adjusted the amylose content and transparency of semi-glutinous japonica rice car-rying the Wxmp allele by genome editing of upstream open reading frame 6(uORF6)of Wx.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Reduction of uncertainties in rice yield response to elevated CO2 by experiment-model integration:A case study in East China

    Zihao WangYu ZhangXueni WangYanfeng Ding...
    1812-1816页
    查看更多>>摘要：Accurate prediction of future rice yield needs the precise estimations of rice yield response to climate change factors,of which the most important one is the increasing carbon dioxide(CO2)concentrations.Estimates of CO2 fertilization effect(CFE)on rice,however,still had large uncertainties.Therefore,using the rice planting areas in East China as the study area,we firstly compared the rice yields and CFE pre-dicted by four state-of-the-art crop models,and found that the CFE predicted by these models had signif-icant differences.We then quantified the CFE on rice yield using the field-controlled experiment conducted at Danyang site at Jiangsu province.Using CFE measurements from a field experiment as benchmark,we have developed an experiment-model integration approach aiming to reduce this varia-tion.This study thus highlights the large CFE uncertainties of current crop models and provides us with a method to reduce this uncertainty,which is beneficial for the accurate prediction of future global rice yield in the context of climate change.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普