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Biomarkers
Taylor & Francis
Biomarkers

Taylor & Francis

1354-750X

Biomarkers/Journal BiomarkersSCIISTP
正式出版
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    The role of ASXL1 mutations and ASXL1 CircRNAs in cancer

    Narges Jafarbeik-lravaniSara KolahdozanRezvan Esmaeili
    1-6页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: Mutations in the Additional Sex Combs Like 1 (ASXL1) gene were first reported in myelodysplastic syndromes. Recent studies have clarified the relationship between ASXL1 mutations and the development of cancers. Objective: This study aims to review the roles of ASXL1 and ASXL1 CircRNAs, such as epigenetic regulation, chromatin modification, and transcription factor function in malignancies. Method: This study is a review of articles related to the role of ASXL1 and ASXL1 CircRNAs in malignancies, retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. Results: ASXL1 plays a role in malignancies and is also related to poor overall survival and cancer metastasis. ASXL1 encodes conserved and abundant Circular RNAs (circRNAs) that act as post-transcriptional regulators, regulating tumorigenesis and progression in cancer. ASXL1 circRNA was identified in the top 10% of differentially expressed circRNAs in clinically relevant tissues. Additionally, the role of ASXL1 gene circRNAs in cancer development is reviewed in this study. Conclusion: ASXL1 and ASXL1circRNA have dual functions in combination with different proteins, being involved in both transcriptional activation and repression in a context-dependent manner. Moreover, studies indicate these genes play an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Ongoing research is aimed at determining this gene family's function in biological events.
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    Deciphering the potential of proteomic-based biomarkers in women's reproductive diseases: empowering precision medicine in gynecology

    Ishwerpreet Kaur JawandaThomson SoniSeema KurmariVijay Prabha...
    7-17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Context: Gynecological disorders represent a complex set of malignancies that result from a diverse array of molecular changes affecting the lives of over a million women worldwide. Ovarian, Endometrial, and Cervical cancers, Endometriosis, PCOS are the most prevalent ones that pose a grave threat to women's health. Proteomics has emerged as an invaluable tool for developing novel biomarkers, screening methods, and targeted therapeutic agents for gynecological disorders. Some of these biomarkers have been approved by the FDA, but regrettably, they have a constrained diagnostic accuracy in early-stage diagnosis as all of these biomarkers lack sensitivity and specificity. Lately, high-throughput proteomics technologies have made significant strides, allowing for identification of potential biomarkers with improved sensitivity and specificity. However, limited successes have been shown with translation of these discoveries into clinical practice. Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current and potential protein biomarkers for gynecological cancers, endometriosis and PCOS, discusses recent advances and challenges, and highlights future directions for the field. Conclusion: We propose that proteomics holds great promise as a powerful tool to revolutionize the fight against female reproductive diseases and can ultimately improve personalized patient outcomes in women's biomedicine.
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    A cross talk on the role of contemporary biomarkers in depression

    Aditi VyasGaurav Doshi
    18-29页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Biomarkers can be used to identify determinants of response to various treatments of mental disorders. Evidence to date demonstrates that markers of inflammatory, neurotransmitter, neurotrophic, neuroendocrine, and metabolic function can predict the psychological and physical consequences of depression in individuals, allowing for the development of new therapeutic targets with fewer side effects. Extensive research has included hundreds of potential biomarkers of depression, but their roles in depression, abnormal patients, and how bioinformatics can be used to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis have not been determined or defined. To determine which biomarkers can and cannot be used to predict treatment response, classify patients for specific treatments, and develop targets for new interventions, proprietary strategies, and current research projects need to be tailored. Material and Methods: This review article focuses on - biomarker systems that would help in the further development and expansion of newer targets - which holds great promise for reducing the burden of depression. Results and Discussion: Further, this review point to the inflammatory response, metabolic marker, and microribonucleic acids, long non-coding RNAs, HPA axis which are - related to depression and can serve as future targets.
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    Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 (NAP1L1) in gastric cancer patients: a potential biomarker with diagnostic and prognostic utility

    Gungor GulMehmet Akif AydinSermin AlgulRemzi Kiziltan...
    30-35页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: The nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 (NAP1L1) is suggested to have an oncogenic role in several tumors based on its overexpression. However, its diagnostic and prognostic role in gastric cancer remains unclarified. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of NAP1L1 in gastric cancer patients. Methods: A total of 85 patients [mean (SD) age: 60.9 (1.6) years, 49.4% were males] with newly-diagnosed gastric cancer and 40 healthy individuals [mean (SD) age: 60.7 (1.7) years, 52.5% were males] were included. Data on patient demographics (age, gender), TNM stages and tumor size, and the serum NAP1L1 levels were recorded. Results: Serum NAP1L1 levels were significantly higher in gastric cancer patients than in control subjects [12 (9.5-13.8) vs. 1.8 (1.5-2.4) ng/mL, p< 0.001]. Also, certain tumor characteristics such as tumor size of >4 vs. <4cm (p<0.001), M1 vs. MO stage (p<0.001), N2 vs. NO and N1 stage (p<0.001), and T4 vs. lower T stage (p < 0.001) were associated with significantly higher serum NAP1L1 levels in gastric cancer patients. Conclusions: Our findings revealed for the first time that serum levels for NAP1L1 were overexpressed in the gastric cancer, as also correlated with the disease progression. NAP1L1 seems to be a potential biomarker for gastric cancer, providing clinically important information on early diagnosis and risk stratification.
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    Assessing angiogenesis factors as prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer patients and their association with clinicopathological factors

    Tannaz Abbasi-DokhtFarhad MalekNahid NafissiMaryam Mohammadlou...
    36-43页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Angiogenesis is fundamental for tumor growth and metastasis across many solid malignancies. Considerable interest has focused on the molecular regulation of tumor angiogenesis as a means to predict disease outcomes and guide therapeutic decisions. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the serum of 120 women diagnosed with breast cancer using ELISA as well as examined their associations with clinical parameters and the outcome of the disease. Results: Our results demonstrated that the serum concentration of TGF-β and EGF were remarkably higher in patients with higher tumor size, end stages of the disease, and positive lymph node involvement compared to patients with lower tumor size, early stages of the disease, and negative lymph node involvement. In addition, we found a significant correlation between the serum concentration of VEGF and the level of EGF, FGF, and DLL4 in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that TGF-β and EGF can be used as end-stage predictors. Discussion/Conclusion: Based on our findings, increasing the level of angiogenesis factors is significantly associated with higher tumor size and late stages of the disease in patients with breast cancer. Moreover, measuring the level of angiogenesis factors could lead to better prediction of disease outcomes and choosing the best treatments for patients.
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    Phoenix dactylifera, L. seed oil alleviates Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and oxidative stress in Wistar rats

    Sana BahriRaed AbdennabiAsma ChakerAfef Nahdi...
    45-54页
    查看更多>>摘要：Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most serious form of interstitial lung disease. We aimed to investigate the effect of Phoenix dactylifera, L seed oil (DSO) on a murine model of IPF induced by bleomycin (BLM). Methods: Male Wistar rats were treated with a single intra-tracheal injection of BLM (4 mg/kg) and a daily intraperitoneal injection of DSO (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) for 4weeks. Results: Our phytochemical results showed that DSO has an important antioxidant activity with a high content of polyphenols and flavonoids. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a high amount of oleic and lauric acids and a large quantity of vitamins. Histological examination showed a significant reduction in fibrosis score and collagen bands in the group of rats treated with 75mg/kg of DSO compared to the BLM group. DSO (75 mg/kg) reversed also the increase in catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while higher doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) are ineffective against the deleterious effects of BLM. We revealed also that DSO has no renal or hepatic cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: DSO can play antioxidant and antifibrotic effects on rat models of pulmonary fibrosis at the lowest dose administered.
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    Protein kinase C delta enhances the diagnostic performance of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Chika NakagawaTsunekazu OikawaKohji YamadaAkihito Tsubota...
    55-67页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: The conventional markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-y-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), have several limitations; both have low sensitivity in patients with early-stage HCC; low sensitivity for AFP with HCC after eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV); low specificity for DCP in patients with non-viral HCC, which is increasing worldwide; low specificity for AFP in patients with liver injury; and low specificity for DCP in patients treated with warfarin. To overcome these issues, the identification of novel biomarkers is an unmet need. Objective: This study aimed to assess the usefulness of serum protein kinase C delta (PKC6) for detecting these HCCs. Methods: PKC5 levels were measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 363 chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with and without HCC. Results: In both viral and non-viral CLD, PKCδ can detect HCCs with high sensitivity and specificity, particularly in the very early stages. Notably, the value and sensitivity of PKCδ were not modified by HCV elimination status. Liver injury and warfarin administration, which are known to cause false-positive results for conventional markers, did not modify PKCδ levels. Conclusions: PKCδ is an enhanced biomarker for the diagnosis of HCC that compensates for the drawbacks of conventional markers.
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    Subchronic exposure to fenpyroximate causes multiorgan toxicity in Wistar rats by disrupting lipid profile, inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage

    Imen Ayed-BoussemaKarima RjibaAsma M'nassriHiba Hamdi...
    68-77页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: Fenpyroximate (FEN) is an acaricide that inhibits the complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in mites. Data concerning mammalian toxicity of this acaricide are limited; thus the aim of this work was to explore FEN toxicity on Wistar rats, particularly on cardiac, pulmonary, and splenic tissues and in bone marrow cells. Methods: rats were treated orally with FEN at 1, 2, 4, and 8mg/Kg bw for 28days. After treatment, we analyzed lipid profile, oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat tissues. Results: FEN exposure increased creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, elevated total cholesterol (T-CHOL), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, while decreasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). It inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, enhanced lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and modulated antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase). Comet assay indicated that FEN induced a dose-dependent DNA damage, contrasting with the micronucleus test showing no micronuclei formation. Nonetheless, FEN exhibited cytotoxicity to bone marrow cells, as evidenced by a reduction in the number of immature erythrocytes among total cells. Conclusion: FEN appears to carry out its genotoxic and cytotoxic activities most likely through an indirect pathway that involves oxidative stress.
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    Investigation of exosomal tetraspanin profile in sepsis patients as a promising diagnostic biomarker

    Roushka Bhagwan ValjeeIrene MackrajRoshila MoodleyUsri H. Ibrahim...
    78-89页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Sepsis, a leading cause of mortality globally, has a complex and multifaceted pathophysiology which still requires elucidation. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze and quantify the number of exosomes in sepsis patients from a South African cohort using the ExoView (NanoView Biosciences, Boston, MA) platform. Methods: Blood samples were collected from black South African patients attending the local Intensive Care Unit (ICU) hospital. Exosomes were isolated and characterize via TEM and CD63 ELISA kits. ExoView was used to determine particle count, particle size distribution and colocalization of different tetraspanin markers. Results: Exosomal levels in sepsis patients were significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.05). Sepsis exosomes showed a homogenous size distribution ranging from 55 to 70nm. Tetraspanin colocalization analysis revealed that sepsis exosomes have significantly higher CD63/CD9, CD63/CD81 and CD63/CD9/CD81 colocalization percentages than the control group. Conclusion: This unique tetraspanin colocalization pattern of sepsis exosomes could serve as a potential sepsis biomarker. Further investigations are required to identify sepsis exosomal cargo signatures for further understanding of sepsis pathophysiology in order to develop effective diagnostics and treatments.
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    Circulating tRNA-derived fragments are decreased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and increased in patients with psoriatic arthritis

    Marina DunaevaJan BlomRogier ThurlingsMargot van Weijsten...
    90-99页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play an important role in immune responses. To clarify the role of tRFs in autoimmunity we studied circulating tRF-levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and in a murine model for arthritis. Material and methods: Circulating tRF-levels were quantified by miR-Q RT-qPCR. tRNA processing and modification enzyme expression was analysed by RT-qPCR and public transcriptomics data. Results: Significant reduction (up to 3-fold on average) of tRF-levels derived from tRNA-Gly-GCC,CCC, tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val-CAC,AAC was observed in RA patients, whereas tRNA-Glu-CTC and tRNA-Val- CAC,AAC tRFs were found at significantly higher levels (up to 3-fold on average) in PsA patients, compared to healthy controls. Also in arthritic ILIRa-KO mice reduced levels of tRNA-Glu-CTC fragments were seen. The expression of NSUN2, a methyltransferase catalysing tRNA methylation, was increased in RA-peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared to PsA, but this is not consistently supported by public transcriptomics data. Discussion: The observed changes of specific tRF-levels may be involved in the immune responses in RA and PsA and may be applicable as new biomarkers. Conclusion: Circulating tRF-levels are decreased in RA and increased in PsA and this may, at least in part, be mediated by methylation changes.
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