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科学通报（英文版）
科学通报（英文版）

周光召

旬刊

1001-6538

csb@scichina.com

010-64036120

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

科学通报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Science BulletinEISCI
查看更多>>《科学通报》创刊于1950年，是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社承办的自然科学综合性学术刊物，报道自然科学各学科基础理论和应用研究方面具有创新性和和高水平的、具有重要意义的最新研究成果，要求文章的可读性强，能在一个比较宽范的学术领域产生深刻的影响。我们的目标是：成为国内外读者了解中国乃至世界范围的自然科学各研究领域最新成果的主要窗口之一。《科学通报》进入了国际上主要检索系统，如CA，EI，日本《科技速报》和美国科学信息研究所（ISI）的以下系统：Science Citation Index(SCI-CDE)，SCISearch，Current Contents(PC&E)和Research Alert。
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    Antiferromagnetic imaging via ptychographic phase retrieval

    Jizhe CuiHaozhi ShaWenfeng YangRong Yu...
    466-472页
    查看更多>>摘要：Antiferromagnetic imaging is critical for understanding and optimizing the properties of antiferromag-netic materials and devices.Despite the widespread use of high-energy electrons for atomic-scale imag-ing,they have low sensitivity to spin textures.Typically,the magnetic contribution to the phase of a high-energy electron wave is weaker than one percent of the electrostatic potential.Here,we demonstrate direct imaging of antiferromagnetic lattice through precise phase retrieval via electron ptychography,paving the way for magnetic lattice imaging of antiferromagnetic materials and devices.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Hierarchical processing enabled by 2D ferroelectric semiconductor transistor for low-power and high-efficiency AI vision system

    Guangcheng WuLi XiangWenqiang WangChengdong Yao...
    473-482页
    查看更多>>摘要：The growth of data and Internet of Things challenges traditional hardware,which encounters efficiency and power issues owing to separate functional units for sensors,memory,and computation.In this study,we designed an α-phase indium selenide(α-In2Se3)transistor,which is a two-dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor as the channel material,to create artificial optic-neural and electro-neural synapses,enabling cutting-edge processing-in-sensor(PIS)and computing-in-memory(CIM)functionalities.As an optic-neural synapse for low-level sensory processing,the α-In2Se3 transistor exhibits a high photore-sponsivity(2855 A/W)and detectivity(2.91 x 1014 Jones),facilitating efficient feature extraction.For high-level processing tasks as an electro-neural synapse,it offers a fast program/erase speed of 40 ns/50 μs and ultralow energy consumption of 0.37 aJ/spike.An AI vision system using α-In2Se3 tran-sistors has been demonstrated.It achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 92.63％within 12 epochs owing to the synergistic combination of the PIS and CIM functionalities.This study demonstrates the potential of the α-In2Se3 transistor in future vision hardware,enhancing processing,power efficiency,and AI applications.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Electroenzymatic cascade reaction on a biohybrid boosts the chiral epoxidation reaction

    Xuefang ZhuYu DingShuni LiYucheng Jiang...
    483-491页
    查看更多>>摘要：The chiral epoxidation of styrene and its derivatives is an important transformation that has attracted considerable scientific interest in the chemical industry.Herein,we integrate enzymatic catalysis and electrocatalysis to propose a new route for the chiral epoxidation of styrene and its derivatives.Chloroperoxidase(CPO)functionalized with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide(ILEMB)was loaded onto cobalt nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes(CoN@CNT)to form a biohybrid(CPO-ILEMB/CoN@CNT).H2O2 species were generated in situ through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e-ORR)at CoN@CNT to initiate the following enzymatic epoxidation of styrene by CPO.CoN@CNT had high elec-troactivity for the ORR to produce H2O2 at a more positive potential,prohibiting the conversion of FeⅢ to FeⅡ in the heme of CPO to maintain enzymatic activity.Meanwhile,CoN@CNT could serve as an ideal carrier for the immobilization of CPO-ILEMB.Hence,the coimmobilization of CPO-ILEMB and CoN@CNT could facilitate the diffusion of intermediate H2O2,which achieved 17 times higher efficiency than the equivalent amounts of free CPO-ILEMB in bulk solution for styrene epoxidation.Notably,an enhancement(～45％)of chiral selectivity for the epoxidation of styrene was achieved.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Sulfur atom-directed metal-ligand synergistic catalysis in zirconium/hafnium-oxo clusters for highly efficient amine oxidation

    Sheng-Nan SunQian NiuJiao-Min LinLi-Ling He...
    492-501页
    查看更多>>摘要：The performance applications(e.g.,photocatalysis)of zirconium(Zr)and hafnium(Hf)based complexes are greatly hindered by the limited development of their structures and the relatively inert metal reac-tivity.In this work,we constructed two ultrastable Zr/Hf-based clusters(Zr9-TC4A and Hf9-TC4A)using hydrophobic 4-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene(H4TC4A)ligands,in which unsaturated coordinated sulfur(S)atoms on the TC4A4-ligand can generate strong metal-ligand synergy with nearby active metal Zr/Hf sites.As a result,these two functionalized H4TC4A ligands modified Zr/Hf-oxo clusters,as catalysts for the amine oxidation reaction,exhibited excellent catalytic activity,achieving very high substrate conver-sion(＞99％)and product selectivity(＞90％).Combining comparative experiments and theoretical calcula-tions,we found that these Zr/Hf-based cluster catalysts accomplish efficient amine oxidation reactions through synergistic effect between metals and ligands:(ⅰ)The photocatalytic benzylamine(BA)oxidation reaction was achieved by the synergistic effect of the dual active sites,in which,the naked S sites on the TC4A4-ligand oxidize the BA by photogenerated hole and oxygen molecules are reduced by photogener-ated electrons on the metal active sites;(ⅱ)in the aniline oxidation reaction,aniline was adsorbed by the bare S sites on ligands to be closer to metal active sites and then oxidized by the oxygen-containing rad-icals activated by the metal sites,thus completing the catalytic reaction under the synergistic catalytic effect of the proximity metal-ligand.In this work,the Zr/Hf-based complexes applied in the oxidation of organic amines have been realized using active S atom-directed metal-ligand synergistic catalysis and have demonstrated very high reactivity.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Quantitative single-virus tracking for revealing the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 fusion with plasma membrane

    Hao-Yang LiuYusi HuCong YuZhi-Gang Wang...
    502-511页
    查看更多>>摘要：Viral envelope fusion with the host plasma membrane(PM)for genome release is a hallmark step in the life cycle of many enveloped viruses.This process is regulated by a complex network of biomolecules on the PM,but robust tools to precisely elucidate the dynamic mechanisms of virus-PM fusion events are still lacking.Here,we developed a quantitative single-virus tracking approach based on highly efficient dual-color labelling of viruses and batch trajectory analysis to achieve the spatiotemporal quantification of fusion events.This approach allows us to comprehensively analyze the membrane fusion mechanism utilized by pseudotyped severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the single-virus level and precisely elucidate how the relevant biomolecules synergistically regulate the fusion pro-cess.Our results revealed that SARS-CoV-2 may promote the formation of supersaturated clusters of cholesterol to facilitate the initiation of the membrane fusion process and accelerate the viral genome release.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Rational design of a cross-type HPV vaccine through immunodominance shift guided by a cross-neutralizing antibody

    Zhiping WangDaning WangJie ChenFei Gao...
    512-525页
    查看更多>>摘要：In vaccine development,broadly or cross-type neutralizing antibodies(bnAbs or cnAbs)are frequently targeted to enhance protection.Utilizing immunodominant antibodies could help fine-tune vaccine immunogenicity and augment the precision of immunization strategies.However,the methodologies to capitalize on the attributes of bnAbs in vaccine design have not been clearly elucidated.In this study,we discovered a cross-type neutralizing monoclonal antibody,13H5,against human papillomavirus 6(HPV6)and HPV11.This nAb exhibited a marked preference for HPV6,demonstrating superior binding activity to virus-like particles(VLPs)and significantly higher prevalence in anti-HPV6 human serum as compared to HPV11 antiserum(90％vs.31％).Through co-crystal structural analysis of the HPV6 L1 pentamer:13H5 complex,we delineated the epitope as spanning four segments of amino acids(Phe42-Ala47,Gly172-Asp173,Glu255-Val275,and Val337-Tyr351)on the L1 surface loops.Further interaction analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the Ser341 residue in the HPV6 HI loop plays a crit-ical role in the interaction between 13H5 and L1.Substituting Ser341 with alanine,which is the residue type present in HPV11 L1,almost completely abolished binding activity to 13H5.By swapping amino acids in the HPV11 HI loop with corresponding residues in HPV6 L1(Ser341,Thr338,and Thr339),we engineered chimeric HPV11-6HI VLPs.Remarkably,the chimeric HPV11-6HI VLPs shifted the high immunodominance of 13H5 from HPV6 to the engineered VLPs and yielded comparable neutralization titers for both HPV6 and HPV11 in mice and non-human primates.This approach paves the way for the design of broadly protective vaccines from antibodies within the main immunization reservoir.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Associations of remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular and cancer mortality in a nationwide cohort

    Yuan TianYi WuMinjie QiLijuan Song...
    526-534页
    查看更多>>摘要：The health significance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins,also known as remnant cholesterol,has been increasingly recognized.However,evidence of their associations with cause-specific mortality in the gen-eral population was previously insufficient.To explore these associations and their heterogeneities across subgroups,a prospective cohort study was conducted including 3,403,414 community-based participants from ChinaHEART,an ongoing government-funded public health program throughout China,from November 2014 through December 2022.The study assessed mortality risk of all-cause mortality,cardio-vascular disease(CVD)mortality(including mortality from ischemic heart diseases(IHD),ischemic stroke(IS),and hemorrhagic stroke(HS),separately),and cancer mortality(including lung cancer,stomach can-cer,and liver cancer,separately).During the 4-year follow-up,23,646 individuals died from CVD(includ-ing 8807 from IHD,3067 from IS,and 5190 from HS),and 20,318 from cancer(including 6208 from lung cancer,3013 from liver cancer,and 2174 from stomach cancer).Compared with individuals with remnant cholesterol＜17.9 mg/dL,multivariable-adjusted mortality hazard ratios(HRs)for individuals with rem-nant cholesterol≥27.7mg/dL were 1.03(1.00-1.05)for all-cause mortality,1.17(1.12-1.21)for CVD(1.19(1.12-1.27)for IHD mortality,and 1.22(1.09-1.36)for IS mortality),and 0.90(0.87-0.94)for all-cancer mortality(0.94(0.87-1.02)for lung cancer,0.59(0.53-0.66)for liver cancer,and 0.73(0.64-0.83)for stomach cancer).In summary,this study revealed a correlation between increased remnant cholesterol levels and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease mortality,as well as a reduced risk of mortality for certain types of cancer.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    PD-L1 expression guidance on sintilimab versus pembrolizumab with or without platinum-doublet chemotherapy in untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(CTONG1901):A phase 2,randomized,controlled trial

    Si-Yang Maggie LiuJie HuangJia-Yi DengChong-Rui Xu...
    535-543页
    查看更多>>摘要：No direct comparison has been performed between different programmed cell death-1(PD-1)inhibitors for first-line treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The feasibility of using PD-L1-expression-guided immunotherapy remains unknown.In this open-label,phase 2 study(NCT04252365),patients with advanced NSCLC without EGFR or ALK alterations were randomized(1∶1)to receive sintilimab or pembrolizumab monotherapy(PD-L1 expression ≥ 50％),or sintilimab or pembrolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy(PD-L1 expression＜50％).The sample size was cal-culated by optimal two-stage design.The primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR).The study included 71 patients(sintilimab arms,n=35;pembrolizumab arms,n=36)and met its primary endpoint,with a confirmed ORR of 51.4％(18/35)in the sintilimab arms.The confirmed ORR(95％confi-dence interval)was 46.2％(19.2％,74.9％)and 42.9％(17.7％,71.1％)for patients treated with sintilimab and pembrolizumab monotherapy;and 54.5％(32.2％,75.6％)and 45.4％(24.4％,67.8％)for those treated with sintilimab-and pembrolizumab-based combination therapies.The median progression-free survival was 6.9 versus 8.1 months for all sintilimab-treated versus all pembrolizumab-treated patients,respectively,in which it was 7.6 versus 11.0 months in monotherapy and 7.4 versus 7.1 months in combination ther-apies.The median overall survival was 14.9 versus 21.3 months for all sintilimab-treated versus all pembrolizumab-treated patients,respectively,in which it was 14.9 versus 22.6 months in monotherapy and 14.7 versus 17.3 months in combination therapies.Treatment-related adverse events were consistent with safety outcomes of monotherapy and combination therapy in previous phase Ⅲ studies.However,the incidence of rash was higher with sintilimab than pembrolizumab monotherapy.This is the first prospective phase 2 study to directly compare two anti-PD-1 antibodies as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC.Sintilimab was efficacious and well-tolerated irrespective of PD-L1 expression level in patients with advanced NSCLC and had similar efficacy and safety to pembrolizumab.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Direct and indirect consumption activities drive distinct urban-rural inequalities in air pollution-related mortality in China

    Jingxu WangJintai LinYu LiuFeng Wu...
    544-553页
    查看更多>>摘要：Household consumption in China is associated with substantial PM2.5 pollution,through activities directly(i.e.,fuel use)and/or indirectly(i.e.,consumption of goods and services)causing pollutant emis-sions.Urban and rural households exhibit different consumption preferences and living areas,thus their contributions to and suffering from air pollution could differ.Assessing this contrast is crucial for com-prehending the environmental impacts of the nation's ongoing urbanization process.Here we quantify Chinese urban and rural households'contributions to ambient PM2.5 pollution and the health risks they suffer from,by integrating economic,atmospheric,and health models and/or datasets.The national pre-mature deaths related to long-term exposure to PM2.5 pollution contributed by total household consump-tion are estimated to be 1.1 million cases in 2015,among which 56％are urban households and 44％are rural households.For pollution contributed indirectly,urban households,especially in developed pro-vinces,tend to bear lower mortality risks compared with the portions of deaths or pollution they con-tribute.The opposite results are true for direct pollution.With China's rapid urbanization process,without adequate reduction in emission intensity,the increased indirect pollution-associated premature deaths could largely offset that avoided by reduced direct pollution,and the indirect pollution-associated urban-rural inequalities might become severer.Developing pollution mitigation strategies from both production and consumption sides could help with reducing pollution-related mortality and associated urban-rural inequality.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    First classification of iron meteorite fragment preserved in Chang'e-5 lunar soils

    Xiaoying LiuLixin GuHeng-Ci TianJing Li...
    554-561页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lunar soil preserves numerous fragments of meteorites impacting on the Moon,providing a unique opportunity to investigate the distribution of the types of projectiles over billions of years.Here we report the first discovery of an iron meteorite fragment from the Chang'e-5 lunar soil,which consists mainly of martensite(quenched from taenite),kamacite,and schreibersite,with a trace of pentlandite.The mete-orite fragment is Ni-and P-rich,S-poor,and based on its mineral chemistry and bulk composition,can be classified into the ⅡD-group,a rare and carbonaceous group of iron meteorite originating in the outer Solar System.This meteorite fragment experienced only limited partial melting followed by fast cooling,suggestive of efficient preservation of intact remnants of iron meteorites impacting on the porous lunar regolith.Alternatively,it is a relic of a low-velocity impact of submillimeter-sized metal grains originated from an ⅡD-Iike iron meteorite.Our observations demonstrate that it is feasible to achieve the type dis-tribution of meteorites impacting on the Moon via systematically analyzing a large number of metal grains separated from lunar soils,thus shedding light on the dynamic evolution of the Solar System.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据